Sireesha Yallanki, Kasetti Ramesh Babu, Nabi Shaik Abdul, Swapna Sirasanagandla, Apparao Chippada
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, AP, India.
Pathophysiology. 2011 Apr;18(2):159-64. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2010.08.003. Epub 2010 Sep 24.
Setaria italica is commonly known as Foxtail millet. In India it is chiefly cultivated in Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu. It can be eaten as a sweet or savory food in all ways that rice is used. Due to the presence of high fiber content, it is suggested as a food for diabetic patients in India.
To evaluate the antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic potential of S. italica seeds in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Anti hyperglycemic activity of different doses of S. italica seed aqueous extract (SISAE) was evaluated by oral administration of SISAE in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and it was compared with that of Glibeclamide, a standard oral hypoglycemic agent. The effect of long-term treatment with 300mgofSISAE/kgb.w./day on blood glucose, glycemic control and serum lipids was evaluated in normal and diabetic rats.
The dose of 300mg of SISAE/kgb.w. produced a significant fall (70%) in blood glucose in diabetic rats after 6h of administration of the extract. None of the doses of the SISAE could produce any change in blood glucose levels of normal rats. After 30 days of treatment with 300mgofSISAE/kgb.w./day there was a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose associated with a significant improvement in glycemic control as evidenced by lower levels of HbA1c in diabetic treated rats when compared to those in untreated diabetic rats The aqueous extract also exhibited significant hypolipidemic effect which is evident from lower levels of triglycerides, total, LDL and VLDL cholesterol and increase in the levels of HDL cholesterol in diabetic treated rats compared to those in diabetic untreated rats. The antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of the aqueous extract could be due to the presence of alkaloids or glycosides as active principles.
These findings demonstrate that the aqueous extract of S. italica seeds have excellent antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities and thus have great potential as a source for natural health products.
粟俗称谷子。在印度，它主要种植于安得拉邦和泰米尔纳德邦。它可以像大米一样以各种方式作为甜食或咸味食物食用。由于其高纤维含量，在印度它被推荐给糖尿病患者食用。
评估粟种子对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠的降血糖和降血脂潜力。
通过给链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠口服不同剂量的粟种子水提取物（SISAE）来评估其降血糖活性，并与标准口服降糖药格列本脲进行比较。评估300mg SISAE/kg体重/天长期治疗对正常和糖尿病大鼠血糖、血糖控制及血脂的影响。
提取物给药6小时后，300mg SISAE/kg体重的剂量使糖尿病大鼠血糖显著下降（70%）。SISAE的任何剂量都不会使正常大鼠的血糖水平发生任何变化。用300mg SISAE/kg体重/天治疗30天后，空腹血糖显著降低，血糖控制显著改善，与未治疗的糖尿病大鼠相比，治疗的糖尿病大鼠HbA1c水平较低即可证明。水提取物还表现出显著的降血脂作用，与未治疗的糖尿病大鼠相比，治疗的糖尿病大鼠甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高即可证明。水提取物的降血糖和降血脂活性可能归因于生物碱或糖苷作为活性成分的存在。
这些发现表明，粟种子水提取物具有优异的降血糖和降血脂活性，因此作为天然保健品来源具有巨大潜力。
