Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
J Cell Sci. 2010 Oct 15;123(Pt 20):3447-55. doi: 10.1242/jcs.063727.
Microtubules--polymers of tubulin--perform essential functions, including regulation of cell shape, intracellular transport and cell motility. How microtubules are adapted to perform multiple diverse functions is not well understood. Post-translational modifications of tubulin subunits diversify the outer and luminal surfaces of microtubules and provide a potential mechanism for their functional specialization. Recent identification of a number of tubulin-modifying and -demodifying enzymes has revealed key roles of tubulin modifications in the regulation of motors and factors that affect the organization and dynamics of microtubules.
微管——由微管蛋白组成的聚合物——发挥着重要的功能，包括调节细胞形状、细胞内运输和细胞运动。微管如何适应执行多种不同的功能还不是很清楚。微管蛋白亚基的翻译后修饰使微管的外表面和内腔表面多样化，并为其功能特化提供了一个潜在的机制。最近鉴定出许多微管修饰和去修饰酶，这些酶揭示了微管修饰在调节马达和影响微管组织和动力学的因子中的关键作用。
