Calhoun Matthew, Longworth Margaret, Chester Victoria L
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB Canada.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2011 Feb;26(2):200-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.09.013. Epub 2010 Oct 12.
Very few studies have examined the gait patterns of children with autism. A greater awareness of movement deviations could be beneficial for treatment planning. The purpose of this study was to compare kinematic and kinetic gait patterns in children with autism versus age-matched controls.
Twelve children with autism and twenty-two age-matched controls participated in the study. An eight camera motion capture system and four force plates were used to compute joint angles and joint kinetics during walking. Parametric analyses and principal component analyses were applied to kinematic and kinetic waveform variables from the autism (n=12) and control (n=22) groups. Group differences in parameterization values and principal component scores were tested using one-way ANOVAs and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Significant differences between the autism and control group were found for cadence, and peak hip and ankle kinematics and kinetics. Significant differences were found for three of the principal component scores: sagittal ankle moment principal component one, sagittal ankle angle principal component one, and sagittal hip moment principal component two. Results suggest that children with autism demonstrate reduced plantarflexor moments and increased dorsiflexion angles, which may be associated with hypotonia. Decreased hip extensor moments were found for the autism group compared to the control group, however, the clinical significance of this result is unclear.
This study has identified several gait variables that were significantly different between autism and control group walkers. This is the first study to provide a comprehensive analysis of gait patterns in children with autism.
很少有研究探讨自闭症儿童的步态模式。对运动偏差有更深入的了解可能有助于治疗方案的制定。本研究的目的是比较自闭症儿童与年龄匹配的对照组儿童的运动学和动力学步态模式。
12名自闭症儿童和22名年龄匹配的对照组儿童参与了本研究。使用一个八摄像头运动捕捉系统和四个测力板来计算行走过程中的关节角度和关节动力学。对自闭症组（n = 12）和对照组（n = 22）的运动学和动力学波形变量进行参数分析和主成分分析。使用单因素方差分析和Kruskal-Wallis检验来检验参数化值和主成分得分的组间差异。
在步频、髋部和踝关节运动学及动力学峰值方面，自闭症组和对照组之间存在显著差异。在三个主成分得分上发现了显著差异：矢状面踝关节力矩主成分一、矢状面踝关节角度主成分一和矢状面髋部力矩主成分二。结果表明，自闭症儿童表现出跖屈力矩减小和背屈角度增加，这可能与肌张力减退有关。与对照组相比，自闭症组的髋部伸肌力矩降低，然而，这一结果的临床意义尚不清楚。
本研究确定了自闭症组和对照组步行者之间存在显著差异的几个步态变量。这是第一项对自闭症儿童步态模式进行全面分析的研究。
