Service Régional Vaudois de Transfusion Sanguine, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Hematol. 2010 Nov;17(6):571-7. doi: 10.1097/moh.0b013e32833ec217.
The mechanisms involved in the formation of red blood cell (RBC) microparticles in vivo as well as during erythrocyte storage are reviewed, and the potential role of microparticles in transfusion medicine is described.
Microparticles release is an integral part of the erythrocyte ageing process, preventing early removal of RBCs. Proteomics analyses have outlined the key role of band 3-ankyrin anchoring complex and the occurrence of selective RBC membrane remodelling mechanisms in microparticles formation. The presence of several RBC antigens, expressed on microparticles, has been demonstrated. The potential deleterious effects of RBC microparticles in transfused recipients, including hypercoagulability, microcirculation impairment and immunosuppression, are discussed.
Formation and role of RBC microparticles are far from being completely understood. Combining various approaches to elucidate these mechanisms could improve blood product quality and transfusion safety. Implementation of RBC microparticles as biomarkers in the laboratory routine needs to overcome technical barriers involved in their analysis.
本文回顾了体内及红细胞储存过程中红细胞（RBC）微颗粒形成的相关机制，并阐述了微颗粒在输血医学中的潜在作用。
微颗粒释放是红细胞衰老过程的一个组成部分，可防止 RBC 过早被清除。蛋白质组学分析概述了膜蛋白 4.1 及其结合蛋白（band 3-ankyrin 锚定复合体）的关键作用，以及选择性 RBC 膜重塑机制在微颗粒形成中的作用。已证实微颗粒上存在多种 RBC 抗原。讨论了 RBC 微颗粒在输注受者中的潜在有害作用，包括高凝状态、微循环损伤和免疫抑制。
RBC 微颗粒的形成和作用远未被完全理解。结合各种方法阐明这些机制，可以提高血液制品的质量和输血安全性。要将 RBC 微颗粒作为实验室常规的生物标志物付诸实施，需要克服其分析中涉及的技术障碍。
