Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2011 Apr;14(4):575-83. doi: 10.1017/S1368980010002077. Epub 2010 Nov 12.
To characterize the trends, distribution, potential determinants and public health implications of meat consumption within the USA.
We examined temporal trends in meat consumption using food availability data from the FAO and US Department of Agriculture (USDA), and further evaluated the meat intake by type (red, white, processed) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) linked to the MyPyramid Equivalents Database (MPED).
Overall meat consumption has continued to rise in the USA and the rest of the developed world. Despite a shift towards higher poultry consumption, red meat still represents the largest proportion of meat consumed in the USA (58 %). Twenty-two per cent of the meat consumed in the USA is processed. According to the NHANES 2003-2004, total meat intake averaged 128 g/d. The type and quantities of meat reported varied by education, race, age and gender.
Given the plausible epidemiological evidence for red and processed meat intake in cancer and chronic disease risk, understanding the trends and determinants of meat consumption in the USA, where meat is consumed at more than three times the global average, should be particularly pertinent to researchers and other public health professionals aiming to reduce the global burden of chronic disease.
描述美国肉类消费的趋势、分布、潜在决定因素和公共卫生意义。
我们使用粮农组织和美国农业部的食物供应数据来研究肉类消费的时间趋势，并进一步评估国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）中与 MyPyramid Equivalents Database（MPED）相关联的各种肉类（红肉类、白肉类、加工肉类）的摄入量。
美国和其他发达国家的肉类消费总体上持续上升。尽管禽肉消费有所增加，但红肉类仍然占美国肉类消费的最大比例（58%）。美国消费的肉类中有 22%是加工肉类。根据 2003-2004 年的 NHANES 数据，平均每人每天摄入的肉类总量为 128 克。报告的肉类种类和数量因教育程度、种族、年龄和性别而异。
鉴于摄入红肉类和加工肉类与癌症和慢性病风险之间可能存在的流行病学证据，了解美国肉类消费的趋势和决定因素尤为重要，因为美国的肉类消费水平是全球平均水平的三倍多，这对于旨在降低全球慢性病负担的研究人员和其他公共卫生专业人员来说尤其相关。
