School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2010 Nov;14(9):723-9. doi: 10.1007/s12603-010-0324-2.
As women age total dietary intake falls which may increase the risk of dietary deficiencies in some individuals. The aims of this study were to investigate the changes in nutrient and dietary intakes that occurred with aging in a seven-year longitudinal study of elderly Australian women and to evaluate the adequacy of their dietary intakes.
Longitudinal population based study on health with ageing.
911 free-living elderly women aged 70-85 years at baseline from a cohort of 1500 elderly women.
At baseline, 60 and 84 months, self-reported Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) and demographics were collected and anthropometry measured.
During the 84 month subjects lost height (1.8 cm) and body weight (1.9 kg). Intakes of energy and macronutrients carbohydrate, fat and protein declined significantly over the 84 months. Mean energy derived from saturated fat was above, whereas energy derived from carbohydrate was below, recommended levels of intake at all time points. Intakes of vitamins and minerals all declined with age and subjects had suboptimal intakes of folate, vitamin E and calcium at all time points. The serve sizes for potato and meat and the consumption of milk, bread and variety of vegetables declined significantly over time reflecting changes in nutrient intake.
Ageing is associated with reduced food intake resulting in inadequate intakes in energy, and some nutrients. Nutrition policy for elderly women should include advice to maintain or increase intakes of carbohydrate, milk, vegetables and fruit whilst continuing to reduce fat intake.
随着女性年龄的增长，总膳食摄入量下降，这可能会增加某些人饮食缺乏的风险。本研究旨在探讨在一项对澳大利亚老年女性进行的为期七年的纵向研究中，随着年龄的增长而发生的营养素和膳食摄入量的变化，并评估其膳食摄入量是否充足。
基于人口的健康老龄化纵向研究。
在基线时，共有 1500 名老年女性中的 911 名 70-85 岁的自由生活老年女性参加了该队列研究。
在基线、60 个月和 84 个月时，收集了自我报告的食物频率问卷（FFQ）和人口统计学数据，并进行了人体测量。
在 84 个月的时间里，受试者的身高（1.8 厘米）和体重（1.9 公斤）下降。能量和宏量营养素（碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质）的摄入量在 84 个月内显著下降。饱和脂肪提供的能量平均值高于推荐摄入量，而碳水化合物提供的能量平均值低于推荐摄入量，所有时间点均如此。随着年龄的增长，维生素和矿物质的摄入量均下降，所有时间点受试者的叶酸、维生素 E 和钙摄入量均不足。土豆和肉类的份额以及牛奶、面包和各种蔬菜的消费量随着时间的推移显著下降，反映了营养素摄入量的变化。
衰老与食物摄入量减少有关，导致能量和一些营养素的摄入量不足。老年女性的营养政策应包括建议保持或增加碳水化合物、牛奶、蔬菜和水果的摄入量，同时继续减少脂肪摄入量。
