Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2011 Apr;39(3):333-9. doi: 10.1007/s10802-010-9475-1.
Of all psychiatric disorders, the disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) are the most likely to predispose to substance dependence (SD). One possible underlying mechanism for this increased vulnerability is risky decision making. The aim of this study was to examine decision making in DBD adolescents with and without SD. Twenty-five DBD adolescents (19 males) with SD (DBD+SD), 28 DBD adolescents (23 males) without SD (DBD-SD) and 99 healthy controls (72 males) were included in the study. DBD adolescents with co-morbid attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were excluded. Risky decision making was investigated by assessing the number of disadvantageous choices in the Iowa gambling task. DBD+SD made significantly more risky choices than healthy controls and DBD-SD. Healthy controls and DBD-SD did not differ on risky decision making. These results suggest that risky decision making is a vulnerability factor for the development of SD in a subgroup of adolescents with DBD without ADHD.
在所有精神障碍中，破坏性行为障碍（DBD）最有可能导致物质依赖（SD）。这种易感性增加的一个可能的潜在机制是冒险决策。本研究旨在研究 DBD 青少年中有无 SD 的冒险决策。研究纳入了 25 名患有 SD（DBD+SD）的 DBD 青少年（19 名男性）、28 名无 SD（DBD-SD）的 DBD 青少年（23 名男性）和 99 名健康对照组（72 名男性）。患有共病注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的 DBD 青少年被排除在外。通过评估在爱荷华赌博任务中的不利选择数量来研究冒险决策。DBD+SD 比健康对照组和 DBD-SD 做出了更多的冒险选择。健康对照组和 DBD-SD 在冒险决策上没有差异。这些结果表明，冒险决策是 DBD 亚组青少年中无 ADHD 个体发展 SD 的一个脆弱性因素。
