Schalock Robert L, Verdugo Miguel Angel, Gomez Laura E
Hastings College, NE, USA.
Eval Program Plann. 2011 Aug;34(3):273-82. doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2010.10.004. Epub 2010 Nov 10.
As evidence-based practices become increasingly advocated for and used in the human services field it is important to integrate issues raised by three perspectives on evidence: empirical-analytical, phenomenological-existential, and post-structural. This article presents and discusses an evidence-based conceptual model and measurement framework that integrates these three perspectives and results in: multiple perspectives on evidence-based practices that involve the individual, the organization, and society; and multiple interpretation guidelines related to the quality, robustness, and relevance of the evidence. The article concludes with a discussion of five issues that need to be addressed in the future conceptualization, measurement and application of evidence-based practices. These five are the need to: expand the concepts of internal and external validity, approach evidence-based practices from a systems perspective, integrate the various perspectives regarding evidence-based practices, develop and evaluate evidence-based practices within the context of best practices, and develop a set of guidelines related to the translation of evidence into practice.
随着循证实践在人类服务领域越来越受到倡导和应用，整合从实证分析、现象学 - 存在主义和后结构主义这三种证据视角所引发的问题就显得很重要。本文提出并讨论了一个循证概念模型和测量框架，该模型和框架整合了这三种视角，并产生了：涉及个人、组织和社会的关于循证实践的多种视角；以及与证据的质量、稳健性和相关性相关的多种解释指南。本文最后讨论了在循证实践的未来概念化、测量和应用中需要解决的五个问题。这五个问题是：扩大内部和外部效度的概念，从系统视角看待循证实践，整合关于循证实践的各种视角，在最佳实践的背景下开发和评估循证实践，以及制定一套与将证据转化为实践相关的指南。
