Sihawong Rattaporn, Janwantanakul Prawit, Sitthipornvorakul Ekalak, Pensri Praneet
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2011 Jan;34(1):62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2010.11.005.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various types of exercise for prevention and cure of nonspecific neck pain in office workers.
Publications between 1980 and April 2010 were systematically searched in various databases (PubMed, CINAHL Plus with full text, The Cochrane Library, Science Direct, PEDro, ProQuest, PsycNet, and Scopus). The following key words were used: neck pain, cervical pain, exercise, strengthening, stretching, endurance, office workers, visual display unit, visual display terminal, and computer users. A hand search of relevant journals was also carried out. Relevant randomized controlled trials were retrieved and assessed for methodological quality by 2 independent reviewers. The strength of the evidence was based on methodological quality and consistency of the results.
Nine randomized controlled trials were included in this review, of which 6 were rated as high-quality studies. No exercise type was identified as being effective in the prevention of nonspecific neck pain in office workers. Strong evidence was found for the effectiveness of muscle strengthening and endurance exercises in treating neck pain. Moderate evidence supported the use of muscle endurance exercise in reducing disability attributed to neck pain.
Literature investigating the efficacy of exercise in office workers with nonspecific neck pain was heterogeneous. Within the limitations, for treatment of neck pain, either muscle strengthening or endurance exercise is recommended, whereas for reduction of pain-related disability, muscle endurance exercise is suggested. Further research is needed before any firm conclusions regarding the most effective exercise programs for office workers can be reached.
本研究旨在评估各类运动对办公室职员非特异性颈部疼痛的防治效果。
系统检索1980年至2010年4月期间多个数据库（PubMed、CINAHL全文数据库、考克兰图书馆、Science Direct、PEDro、ProQuest、PsycNet和Scopus）中的文献。使用了以下关键词：颈部疼痛、颈椎疼痛、运动、强化、拉伸、耐力、办公室职员、视觉显示单元、视觉显示终端和计算机用户。还对手头检索相关期刊。检索出相关随机对照试验，并由2名独立评审员评估其方法学质量。证据强度基于方法学质量和结果的一致性。
本综述纳入了9项随机对照试验，其中6项被评为高质量研究。未发现有哪种运动类型对预防办公室职员的非特异性颈部疼痛有效。有强有力的证据表明肌肉强化和耐力训练对治疗颈部疼痛有效。中等强度的证据支持使用肌肉耐力训练来减少因颈部疼痛导致的功能障碍。
关于运动对患有非特异性颈部疼痛的办公室职员疗效的文献参差不齐。在现有局限条件下，对于颈部疼痛的治疗，建议进行肌肉强化训练或耐力训练；而对于减轻与疼痛相关的功能障碍，建议进行肌肉耐力训练。在得出关于对办公室职员最有效的运动方案的任何确凿结论之前，还需要进一步研究。
