Department of Psychology, University of Otago, P O Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2010 Jul;94(1):83-94. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2010.94-83.
Delayed matching to sample is typically a two-alternative forced-choice procedure with two sample stimuli. In this task the effects of varying the probability of reinforcers for correct choices and the resulting receiver operating characteristic are symmetrical. A version of the task where a sample is present on some trials and absent on others is analogous to a yes/no recognition task. We describe data from two experiments where an asymmetry in performance in the yes/no task could be attributed to a change in response bias with increasing retention-interval duration from a matching-law perspective, but not from a signal-detection perspective. Both approaches make explicit assumptions about response bias. The apparent inconsistency between the two approaches to the treatment of response bias is resolved in terms of a model proposed by K. G. White and J. T. Wixted (1999) which predicts asymmetrical matching-law functions and receiver operating characteristics without making any assumptions about response bias.
延迟匹配样本通常是一种二选一强制选择程序，有两个样本刺激。在这个任务中，改变正确选择的奖励概率和由此产生的接收者操作特征的效果是对称的。在一种情况下，在某些试验中有样本，而在其他试验中没有样本，这类似于是一个“是/否”识别任务。我们描述了两个实验的数据，从匹配律的角度来看，随着记忆间隔时间的增加，“是/否”任务中表现出的不对称性可以归因于反应偏向的变化，但从信号检测的角度来看则不然。这两种方法都对反应偏向做出了明确的假设。从 K.G. White 和 J.T. Wixted（1999）提出的模型出发，可以解决这两种处理反应偏向方法之间的明显不一致性，该模型预测了不对称的匹配律函数和接收者操作特征，而没有对反应偏向做出任何假设。
