Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2011 Jan 19;6(1):e16290. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016290.
Obesity is more common among the less educated, suggesting education-related environmental triggers. Such triggers may act differently dependent on genetic and environmental predisposition to obesity. In a Danish Twin Registry survey, 21,522 twins of same-sex pairs provided zygosity, height, weight, and education data. Body mass index (BMI = kg weight/ m height(2)) was used to measure degree of obesity. We used quantitative genetic modeling to examine how genetic and shared and nonshared environmental variance in BMI differed by level of education and to estimate how genetic and shared and nonshared environmental correlations between education and BMI differed by level of education, analyzing women and men separately. Correlations between education and BMI were -.13 in women, -.15 in men. High BMI's were less frequent among well-educated participants, generating less variance. In women, this was due to restriction of all forms of variance, overall by a factor of about 2. In men, genetic variance did not vary with education, but results for shared and nonshared environmental variance were similar to those for women. The contributions of the shared environment to the correlations between education and BMI were substantial among the well-educated, suggesting importance of familial environmental influences common to high education and lower BMI. Family influence was particularly important in linking high education and lower levels of obesity.
肥胖在受教育程度较低的人群中更为常见，这表明与教育相关的环境因素是诱因。这些诱因可能因遗传和肥胖的环境易感性而异。在丹麦双胞胎登记处的一项调查中，21522 对同性别双胞胎提供了同卵性、身高、体重和教育数据。体重指数（BMI=kg 体重/m 身高(2)）用于衡量肥胖程度。我们使用定量遗传模型来研究 BMI 的遗传和共同及非共同环境方差如何随教育程度的不同而变化，并估计教育和 BMI 之间的遗传和共同及非共同环境相关性如何随教育程度的不同而变化，分别对女性和男性进行分析。教育和 BMI 之间的相关性在女性中为-.13，在男性中为-.15。高 BMI 在受教育程度较高的参与者中较少见，产生的方差也较少。在女性中，这是由于所有形式的方差都受到限制，总体上约为 2 倍。在男性中，遗传方差不随教育程度而变化，但共享和非共享环境方差的结果与女性相似。在受教育程度较高的人群中，共享环境对教育和 BMI 之间相关性的贡献很大，这表明与高教育和低 BMI 相关的家庭环境影响很重要。家庭影响在将高教育和低肥胖水平联系起来方面尤为重要。
