Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1043, USA.
Child Dev. 2011 Jan-Feb;82(1):113-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01544.x.
The impacts of New Hope, a 3-year work-based antipoverty program to increase parent employment and reduce poverty, on youth ages 9-19 (N = 866) were assessed 5 years after parents left the program. New Hope had positive effects on the future orientation and employment experiences of boys, especially African American boys. Compared to boys in control group families, boys in program group families were less cynical about work, less pessimistic about their employment prospects, and more involved in employment and career preparation. They also worked for longer periods during the school year than did control group boys. Comparable effects were not found for girls. The developmental significance of the findings, possible processes that led to the impacts, and the policy implications of the findings are discussed.
新希望是一个为期 3 年的基于工作的扶贫项目，旨在增加父母就业和减少贫困，该项目对 9-19 岁的青年（N=866）的影响在父母离开项目 5 年后进行了评估。新希望对男孩，尤其是非裔美国男孩的未来取向和就业经历产生了积极影响。与对照组家庭的男孩相比，实验组家庭的男孩对工作的看法不那么愤世嫉俗，对就业前景不那么悲观，并且更参与就业和职业准备。他们在学年期间工作的时间也比对照组的男孩长。没有发现对女孩的类似影响。讨论了这些发现的发展意义、可能导致这些影响的过程以及这些发现的政策意义。
