Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Semin Radiat Oncol. 2011 Apr;21(2):80-7. doi: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2010.10.003.
The rapid development of techniques that enable synthesis (and manipulation) of matter on the nanometer scale and the development of new nanomaterials will play a large role in disease diagnosis and treatment, specifically in targeted cancer therapy. Targeted nanocarriers are an intriguing means to selectively deliver high concentrations of cytotoxic agents or imaging labels directly to the cancer site. Often, solubility issues and an unfavorable biodistribution can result in a suboptimal response of novel agents even though they are very potent. New nanoparticulate formulations allow simultaneous imaging and therapy ("theranostics"), which can provide a realistic means for the clinical implementation of such otherwise suboptimal formulations. In this review, we did not attempt to provide a complete overview of the rapidly enlarging field of nanotechnology in cancer; rather, we presented properties specific to nanoparticles and examples of their uses, which show their importance for targeted cancer therapy.
纳米尺度物质合成（和操纵）技术的快速发展以及新型纳米材料的发展将在疾病诊断和治疗中发挥重要作用，特别是在靶向癌症治疗中。靶向纳米载体是一种有吸引力的手段，可以将高浓度的细胞毒性剂或成像标记物选择性地直接递送到癌症部位。通常，由于溶解度问题和不利的生物分布，即使新型药物非常有效，也会导致其反应不理想。新型纳米颗粒制剂允许同时进行成像和治疗（“治疗诊断学”），这为临床实施这种不理想的制剂提供了现实手段。在这篇综述中，我们没有试图全面概述癌症中快速发展的纳米技术领域；相反，我们介绍了纳米颗粒的特定性质及其应用实例，这些实例表明了它们在靶向癌症治疗中的重要性。
