Department of Environmental Sciences, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2011 Sep-Oct;21(5):515-28. doi: 10.1038/jes.2011.10. Epub 2011 Mar 2.
The potential for human exposure to engineered nanoparticles due to the use of nanotechnology-based consumer sprays (categorized as such by the Nanotechnology Consumer Products Inventory) is examined along with analogous products, which are not specified as nanotechnology-based (regular products). Photon correlation spectroscopy was used to obtain particle size distributions in the initial liquid products. Transmission electron microscopy was used to determine particle size, shape, and agglomeration of the particles. Realistic application of the spray products near the human breathing zone characterized airborne particles that are released during use of the sprays. Aerosolization of sprays with standard nebulizers was used to determine their potential for inhalation exposure. Electron microscopy detected the presence of nanoparticles in some nanotechnology-based sprays as well as in several regular products, whereas the photon correlation spectroscopy indicated the presence of particles <100 nm in all investigated products. During the use of most nanotechnology-based and regular sprays, particles ranging from 13 nm to 20 μm were released, indicating that they could he inhaled and consequently deposited in all regions of the respiratory system. The results indicate that exposures to nanoparticles as well as micrometer-sized particles can be encountered owing to the use of nanotechnology-based sprays as well as regular spray products.
由于纳米技术消费喷雾（纳米技术消费品清单将其归类为喷雾）的使用，人类可能会接触到工程纳米粒子，本文对纳米技术喷雾和未指定为纳米技术的类似产品（常规产品）进行了研究。光子相关光谱法用于获得初始液体产品中的粒径分布。透射电子显微镜用于确定颗粒的大小、形状和团聚。在人类呼吸区附近实际应用喷雾产品，可确定在使用喷雾时释放的空气传播颗粒。使用标准雾化器雾化喷雾，以确定其吸入暴露的潜力。电子显微镜检测到一些纳米技术喷雾和一些常规产品中存在纳米颗粒，而光子相关光谱法表明所有研究产品中都存在 <100nm 的颗粒。在使用大多数纳米技术喷雾和常规喷雾时，会释放出 13nm 至 20μm 的颗粒，这表明它们可能被吸入，并因此沉积在呼吸系统的所有区域。结果表明，由于纳米技术喷雾和常规喷雾产品的使用，可能会接触到纳米颗粒和微米级颗粒。
