Hwang Minki, Garbey Marc, Berceli Scott A, Tran-Son-Tay Roger
Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Cell Mol Bioeng. 2009 Sep;2(3):285-294. doi: 10.1007/s12195-009-0078-2.
Emergent behaviors of multi-cellular biological systems (MCBS) result from the behaviors of each individual cells and their interactions with other cells and with the environment. Modeling MCBS requires incorporating these complex interactions among the individual cells and the environment. Modeling approaches for MCBS can be grouped into two categories: continuum models and cell-based models. Continuum models usually take the form of partial differential equations, and the model equations provide insight into the relationship among the components in the system. Cell-based models simulate each individual cell behavior and interactions among them enabling the observation of the emergent system behavior. This review focuses on the cell-based models of MCBS, and especially, the technical aspect of the rule-based simulation method for MCBS is reviewed. How to implement the cell behaviors and the interactions with other cells and with the environment into the computational domain is discussed. The cell behaviors reviewed in this paper are division, migration, apoptosis/necrosis, and differentiation. The environmental factors such as extracellular matrix, chemicals, microvasculature, and forces are also discussed. Application examples of these cell behaviors and interactions are presented.
多细胞生物系统（MCBS）的涌现行为源于每个单个细胞的行为及其与其他细胞以及与环境的相互作用。对MCBS进行建模需要纳入单个细胞与环境之间的这些复杂相互作用。MCBS的建模方法可分为两类：连续介质模型和基于细胞的模型。连续介质模型通常采用偏微分方程的形式，模型方程能深入了解系统中各组分之间的关系。基于细胞的模型模拟每个单个细胞的行为及其相互作用，从而能够观察到涌现的系统行为。本综述聚焦于MCBS的基于细胞的模型，特别是对MCBS基于规则的模拟方法的技术层面进行了综述。讨论了如何将细胞行为以及与其他细胞和与环境的相互作用在计算域中实现。本文所综述的细胞行为包括分裂、迁移、凋亡/坏死和分化。还讨论了诸如细胞外基质、化学物质、微脉管系统和力等环境因素。给出了这些细胞行为和相互作用的应用实例。
