Development of chitosan-vancomycin antimicrobial coatings on titanium implants.

Techniques for titanium surface modification have been studied for applications in orthopedic implants specifically for local drug delivery. The extensive research in surface modification is driving the development of devices that integrate infection prevention, osseointegration, and functionality in a structural role. In this study, vancomycin was applied to modified titanium surfaces to determine the effect of surface morphology on drug loading and release profiles. The antimicrobial effectiveness of the released vancomycin was evaluated and found to have a similar effect as the standard vancomycin. The engineered surfaces included sandblasted, sandblasted acid etched, electrochemically etched, and sandblasted electrochemically etched. The antibiotic release was observed to be independent of the measured surface parameters of the engineered surfaces. The development of an implantable device in which the surface morphology can be tailored for an application with no effect on the total drug released would be beneficial to more precisely control the biological response while maintaining local drug delivery for infection prevention.