SIR Institute for Pharmacy Practice and Policy, Theda Mansholtstraat 5b, Leiden 2331JE, The Netherlands.
BMJ Qual Saf. 2011 Aug;20(8):666-71. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs.2010.045237. Epub 2011 Mar 9.
To develop a national system of quality indicators for community pharmacy care, reported by community pharmacies.
After preliminary validation, an online consensus study was conducted. Pharmacy practice experts (round 1) and practising pharmacists (round 2) were approached. Face-validity scores for risk of harm and quality of care were obtained, as well as data on feasibility and clarity. To field test the data collection a random sample of 30 community pharmacies reported on the indicators, and were visited by a healthcare inspector to discuss practical and interpretation issues.
After preliminary validation of 159 topics, 53 indicators were rated in round 1 by 14 of the 16 experts who were approached. The resulting 48 indicators were rated by 76 pharmacists of the 150 pharmacists who were approached (response 50%). Of the 48 indicators in the second round, 33 (69%) were rated face valid (median relevance score ≥ 7) for risk of harm to patients, while 43 (90%) were rated face valid for quality of care. In the field test the participating pharmacies reported on the resulting set of 44 indicators. This resulted in an adjusted set of 42 indicators. The set contains indicators on patient counselling (6), clinical risk management (10), compounding (7), dispensing (3), monitoring of medication use (11) and quality management (5).
A set of 42 quality indicators was developed for community pharmacy care. It is expected that this will have a positive impact on quality and safety of community pharmacy care in the Netherlands.
开发一个由社区药店报告的全国社区药学服务质量指标体系。
在初步验证后，进行了在线共识研究。邀请了药学实践专家（第一轮）和执业药师（第二轮）参与。获得了风险危害和护理质量的表面有效性评分，以及可行性和清晰度方面的数据。为了对数据收集进行现场测试，随机抽取了 30 家社区药店报告指标，并由医疗保健检查员访问，讨论实际问题和解释问题。
在对 159 个主题进行初步验证后，有 53 个指标在第一轮中由 16 名专家中的 14 名进行了评分。由此产生的 48 个指标由 150 名执业药师中的 76 名（50%的应答率）进行了评分。在第二轮中，48 个指标中的 33 个（69%）在危害患者风险方面的表面有效性（相关性评分中位数≥7），而 43 个（90%）在护理质量方面的表面有效性。在现场测试中，参与的药店报告了最终的 44 个指标集。这产生了一组调整后的 42 个指标。该套指标包括患者咨询（6）、临床风险管理（10）、制剂（7）、配药（3）、药物使用监测（11）和质量管理（5）。
为社区药学服务制定了一套 42 个质量指标。预计这将对荷兰社区药学服务的质量和安全性产生积极影响。
