Department of Microbiology, Nepal Medical College, Jorpati-7, Kathmandu.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2001 Apr;6(1):1-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02897302.
We present here a study on the health system in Nepal. Approximately two-thirds of the health problems in Nepal are infectious diseases. Epidemics occur frequently with a high rate of morbidity and mortality and there are occasional outbreaks of infectious diseases of unknown etiology. In addition, the rapid rate of HIV infection in the Indian sub-continent is likely to add a new dimension of opportunistic infections. Until now, the Health System introduced as the General Health Plan in 1956 has been expanded by focusing on primary health care, and a comprehensive network-like Health System has been developed; the most basic unit is a Sub-Health Post or Health Post in each Village Development Committee area. However, the expansion of the Health System has not been matched by an expansion in the domestive resources, workers and supplies, and the available resources are not efficiently distributed. In addition, insufficient resources available for preventive and promotive medicine and the occurrence of non-infectious diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases has been increasing. The Government recently introduced a Health Policy encouraging the private sector to invest in the production of health workers and in providing quality health services. As a result, several private health institutions have been founded and are expected to contribute to the development of the human resources required by Nepal.
我们在此呈现一项尼泊尔卫生系统的研究。尼泊尔约有三分之二的卫生问题为传染病。传染病经常流行，发病率和死亡率都很高，偶尔还会爆发病因不明的传染病。此外，由于印度次大陆艾滋病毒感染率迅速上升，可能会出现新的机会性感染。到目前为止，1956 年推出的《综合健康计划》所引进的卫生系统通过注重初级卫生保健得到了扩展，并发展成为一个全面的网络式卫生系统；最基本的单位是每个村发展委员会地区的分健康所或健康所。然而，卫生系统的扩展并没有与国内资源、工作人员和供应品的扩展相匹配，可用资源的分配效率也不高。此外，用于预防和促进医学以及癌症和心血管疾病等非传染性疾病的资源不足也在增加。政府最近推出了一项卫生政策，鼓励私营部门投资于卫生工作者的生产，并提供高质量的卫生服务。因此，已经成立了几家私立卫生机构，有望为尼泊尔所需的人力资源开发做出贡献。
