Raz S, Raz N
Department of Psychology, Memphis State University, Tennessee 38152.
Psychol Bull. 1990 Jul;108(1):93-108. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.108.1.93.
The neuroimaging literature on structural brain abnormalities in the major psychoses is quantitatively reviewed. The mean effect size for studies of lateral ventriculomegaly in schizophrenia (d = .70) corresponded to 43% nonoverlap between the distributions of schizophrenics and control Ss. Planimetry yielded larger effects than linear methods of ventricular size estimation. Although enlargement of the third ventricle was comparable to that of lateral ventriculomegaly (d = .66), it was found to be significantly greater after differences in measurement method were taken into account. The average cumulative length of hospitalization, adjusted for patients' age and duration of illness, predicted ventriculomegaly in schizophrenia. Studies on schizophrenia and affective disorder differed neither in the extent of reported ventriculomegaly nor in the amount of "cortical atrophy."
对主要精神疾病中脑结构异常的神经影像学文献进行了定量综述。精神分裂症患者侧脑室扩大研究的平均效应量（d = 0.70）相当于精神分裂症患者和对照受试者分布之间43%的非重叠率。平面测量法产生的效应比脑室大小估计的线性方法更大。虽然第三脑室扩大与侧脑室扩大相当（d = 0.66），但在考虑测量方法差异后，发现第三脑室扩大明显更大。根据患者年龄和病程调整后的平均累计住院时间可预测精神分裂症患者的脑室扩大。关于精神分裂症和情感障碍的研究在报告的脑室扩大程度或“皮质萎缩”量方面均无差异。
