超氧化物歧化酶在氧化还原生物学中的作用：超氧阴离子和过氧化氢的作用。
Superoxide dismutase in redox biology: the roles of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.
机构信息
Free Radical and Radiation Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242-1181, USA.
出版信息
Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2011 May 1;11(4):341-6. doi: 10.2174/187152011795677544.
Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are considered to be antioxidant enzymes. This view came about because its substrate, superoxide, is a free radical; in the era of their discovery, 1960's - 1970's, the general mindset was that free radicals in biology must be damaging. Indeed SOD blunts the cascade of oxidations initiated by superoxide. However in the late 1970's it was observed that cancer cells that have low activity of the mitochondrial form of SOD, MnSOD, grow faster than those with higher activities of MnSOD. These observations indicated that SOD, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide affected the basic biology of cells and tissues, not just via damaging oxidation reactions. It is now realized that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide are essential for normal cellular and organism function. MnSOD appears to be a central player in the redox biology of cells and tissues.
超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）被认为是抗氧化酶。这种观点的产生是因为其底物超氧自由基是一种自由基；在发现超氧化物歧化酶的 20 世纪 60 年代至 70 年代，人们普遍认为生物体内的自由基肯定是有害的。事实上，SOD 可以阻止超氧自由基引发的氧化级联反应。然而，在 20 世纪 70 年代后期，人们观察到线粒体形式的 SOD（MnSOD）活性较低的癌细胞比 MnSOD 活性较高的癌细胞生长得更快。这些观察结果表明，SOD、超氧自由基和过氧化氢不仅通过有害的氧化反应影响细胞和组织的基本生物学特性，而且还会影响细胞和组织的基本生物学特性。现在人们已经意识到，超氧自由基和过氧化氢是细胞和组织正常功能所必需的。MnSOD 似乎是细胞和组织氧化还原生物学的核心参与者。
Zotero 插件