Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-6-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea.
Environ Health. 2011 Apr 3;10:29. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-10-29.
Studies have identified that environmental tobacco smoke exposure is associated with sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, and socioeconomic status, but few studies have been conducted in South Korea. In this study, the authors investigated the extent of environmental tobacco smoke exposure and factors related in a nationally representative sample of Korean adults.
The data of 7,801 adults aged 19 years and over collected during the 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Information on smoking habits and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was obtained by self-reports using a standardized questionnaire. Risks of environmental tobacco smoke exposure conferred by sociodemographic variables and behavioral risk factors were evaluated using logistic regression methods.
Overall, 36.1% of nonsmokers (defined as those not currently smoking) and 50.1% of current smokers were found to be exposed to environmental tobacco smoke either at work or at home. Among the nonsmokers, women were more likely to be exposed to environmental tobacco smoke at home (OR = 5.22, 95%CI, 4.08-6.67). Furthermore, an inverse relationship was found between education level and the risk of environmental tobacco smoke exposure at home (OR = 1.73, 95%CI, 1.38-2.17 for those with a high school education; OR = 2.30, 95%CI, 1.68-3.16 for those with a middle school education; and OR = 2.58, 95%CI, 1.85-3.59 for those with less than an elementary school education vs. those with a college education or more). In addition, those with office, sales service, or manual labor jobs were found to be at significantly higher risk of environmental tobacco smoke exposure at work than those with professional, administrative, or managerial jobs. Also, the risk of environmental tobacco smoke exposure in the workplace was significantly higher for alcohol drinkers than non-drinkers (OR = 1.23, 95%CI, 1.07-1.47). After adjusting for age, sex and education, it was found that those exposed to environmental tobacco smoke at home were more likely to have been admitted to hospital during the previous year (OR 1.29, 95%CI, 1.002-1.66).
In this study of Korean adults, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke at home or work was found to be affected by sex, age, marital status, educational level, and type of occupation. Accordingly, these factors should be given appropriate consideration by those developing policies or interventions designed to control exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
研究表明，环境烟草烟雾暴露与年龄、性别和社会经济地位等社会人口因素有关，但在韩国进行的此类研究较少。本研究旨在调查韩国成年人中环境烟草烟雾暴露的程度及其相关因素。
利用 2005 年韩国全国健康和营养检查调查的数据，对 7801 名 19 岁及以上成年人进行分析。采用标准化问卷，通过自我报告的方式获取吸烟习惯和环境烟草烟雾暴露信息。采用逻辑回归方法评估社会人口变量和行为危险因素带来的环境烟草烟雾暴露风险。
总体而言，36.1%的不吸烟者（定义为当前不吸烟者）和 50.1%的吸烟者在工作或家中暴露于环境烟草烟雾中。在不吸烟者中，女性更有可能在家中暴露于环境烟草烟雾中（OR=5.22，95%CI，4.08-6.67）。此外，教育水平与在家中接触环境烟草烟雾的风险呈负相关（高中教育者的 OR=1.73，95%CI，1.38-2.17；中学教育者的 OR=2.30，95%CI，1.68-3.16；小学及以下教育者的 OR=2.58，95%CI，1.85-3.59，均与受过高等教育者相比）。此外，与从事专业、行政或管理工作者相比，从事办公室、销售服务或体力劳动工作者在工作场所接触环境烟草烟雾的风险显著更高。同样，与不饮酒者相比，饮酒者在工作场所接触环境烟草烟雾的风险显著更高（OR=1.23，95%CI，1.07-1.47）。在调整年龄、性别和教育程度后，结果显示在家中接触环境烟草烟雾的人群在过去一年中更有可能住院（OR=1.29，95%CI，1.002-1.66）。
本研究对韩国成年人的调查发现，在家中或工作场所接触环境烟草烟雾与性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度和职业类型有关。因此，在制定控制环境烟草烟雾暴露的政策或干预措施时，应适当考虑这些因素。
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