Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences/Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Plant Cell. 2011 Apr;23(4):1249-63. doi: 10.1105/tpc.110.082537. Epub 2011 Apr 5.
We used a novel approach that incorporated chromosome sorting, next-generation sequencing, array hybridization, and systematic exploitation of conserved synteny with model grasses to assign ~86% of the estimated ~32,000 barley (Hordeum vulgare) genes to individual chromosome arms. Using a series of bioinformatically constructed genome zippers that integrate gene indices of rice (Oryza sativa), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and Brachypodium distachyon in a conserved synteny model, we were able to assemble 21,766 barley genes in a putative linear order. We show that the barley (H) genome displays a mosaic of structural similarity to hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) A, B, and D subgenomes and that orthologous genes in different grasses exhibit signatures of positive selection in different lineages. We present an ordered, information-rich scaffold of the barley genome that provides a valuable and robust framework for the development of novel strategies in cereal breeding.
我们采用了一种新方法，将染色体分拣、下一代测序、阵列杂交以及与模式禾本科植物的保守同线性的系统利用相结合，将约 32000 个大麦（Hordeum vulgare）基因中的约 86%分配到各个染色体臂上。利用一系列生物信息构建的基因组拉链，这些拉链整合了水稻（Oryza sativa）、高粱（Sorghum bicolor）和短柄草（Brachypodium distachyon）的基因指数，构建了一个保守同线性模型，我们能够将 21766 个大麦基因按假定的线性顺序组装起来。我们表明，大麦（H）基因组显示出与六倍体面包小麦（Triticum aestivum）A、B 和 D 亚基因组的结构相似性的镶嵌，并且不同禾本科植物中的同源基因在不同谱系中表现出正选择的特征。我们提供了一个有序的、信息丰富的大麦基因组支架，为谷物育种中的新型策略的发展提供了一个有价值的、稳健的框架。
