Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA 70310, USA.
Curr Microbiol. 2011 Jul;63(1):1-7. doi: 10.1007/s00284-011-9932-2. Epub 2011 Apr 11.
Shrimp farming accounts for more than 40% of the world shrimp production. Luminous vibriosis is a shrimp disease that causes major economic losses in the shrimp industry as a result of massive shrimp kills due to infection. Some farms in the South Asia use antibiotics to control Vibrio harveyi, a responsible pathogen for luminous vibriosis. However, the antibiotic-resistant strain was found recently in many shrimp farms, which makes it necessary to develop alternative pathogen control methods. Short-chain fatty acids are metabolic products of organisms, and they have been used as food preservatives for a long time. Organic acids are also commonly added in feeds in animal husbandry, but not in aquaculture. In this study, growth inhibitory effects of short-chain fatty acids, namely formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid, on V. harveyi were investigated. Among four acids, formic acid showed the strongest inhibitory effect followed by acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.035% formic acid suppressed growth of V. harveyi. The major inhibitory mechanism seems to be the pH effect of organic acids. The effective concentration 50 (EC50) values at 96 h inoculation for all organic acids were determined to be 0.023, 0.041, 0.03, and 0.066% for formic, acetic, propionic, and butyric acid, respectively. The laboratory study results are encouraging to formulate shrimp feeds with organic acids to control vibrio infection in shrimp aquaculture farms.
虾养殖占世界虾产量的 40%以上。发光弧菌病是一种虾病，由于感染导致大量虾死亡，给虾养殖业造成重大经济损失。南亚的一些养殖场使用抗生素来控制发光弧菌病的病原体哈维弧菌。然而，最近在许多虾养殖场发现了抗生素耐药菌株，这使得有必要开发替代病原体控制方法。短链脂肪酸是生物体的代谢产物，长期以来一直被用作食品防腐剂。有机酸也常用于畜牧业饲料中，但在水产养殖中不使用。在这项研究中，研究了短链脂肪酸（甲酸、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸）对哈维弧菌的生长抑制作用。在这四种酸中，甲酸表现出最强的抑制作用，其次是乙酸、丙酸和丁酸。0.035%甲酸的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）抑制了哈维弧菌的生长。有机酸的主要抑制机制似乎是 pH 值效应。在 96 小时接种时，所有有机酸的有效浓度 50（EC50）值分别为 0.023%、0.041%、0.03%和 0.066%，用于甲酸、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸。实验室研究结果令人鼓舞，可以用有机酸来配制虾饲料，以控制虾养殖场的弧菌感染。
