Kuhrik Marilee, Seckman Christy, Kuhrik Nancy, Ahearn Tina, Ercole Patrick
Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
J Cancer Educ. 2011 Dec;26(4):687-93. doi: 10.1007/s13187-011-0213-3.
Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States, with about 1,000,000 people developing the disease each year. The incidence of melanoma has rapidly increased in young white women between the ages of 15-34 over the last three decades. While melanoma accounts for approximately 3% of skin cancers, it causes more than 75% of skin cancer deaths. Thorough skin assessments and awareness of new or changing appearance of skin lesions are critical to early detection and treatment of skin cancer, as well as teaching sun-protective behaviors. Educators created a novel approach to "bring to life" skin cancer assessment skills to promote awareness of prevention and early detection of skin cancer using moulage in a human patient simulation lab. Through the use of moulage-like lesions, simulated patients were evaluated and taught skin cancer prevention and early detection principles by baccalaureate nursing students. The average age of study participants (n = 104) was 26.50 years. The majority of responders were female. At the end of the lab, students' average responses to an evaluation based on program goals were very positive. Anecdotal comments affirmed positive student perceptions of their simulation experience. Data analyses indicated item means were consistently higher for upper-division students. The age and gender of students who participated in this study align with the NCI statistics on age and gender of the population with increased incidence of melanoma.
皮肤癌是美国最常见的癌症，每年约有100万人患此病。在过去三十年中，15至34岁的年轻白人女性中黑色素瘤的发病率迅速上升。虽然黑色素瘤约占皮肤癌的3%，但它导致了超过75%的皮肤癌死亡。全面的皮肤评估以及对皮肤病变新外观或变化外观的认识对于皮肤癌的早期发现和治疗以及传授防晒行为至关重要。教育工作者创造了一种新颖的方法，在人体模拟实验室中使用模具，将皮肤癌评估技能“鲜活呈现”，以提高对皮肤癌预防和早期检测的认识。通过使用类似模具的病变，本科护理专业学生对模拟患者进行评估，并教授他们皮肤癌预防和早期检测原则。研究参与者（n = 104）的平均年龄为26.50岁。大多数应答者为女性。在实验结束时，学生们基于项目目标的评估平均反应非常积极。轶事评论证实了学生对模拟体验的积极看法。数据分析表明，高年级学生的项目平均得分一直更高。参与本研究的学生的年龄和性别与美国国立癌症研究所关于黑色素瘤发病率上升人群的年龄和性别的统计数据相符。
