College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, 3110 Vine Street, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0038, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 2011 May-Jun;25(5):334-40. doi: 10.4278/ajhp.090128-QUAN-37.
To determine the effects of an environmental intervention on obesity, disease risk factors, and dietary intake in an employee population.
Randomized controlled community trial.
Eight manufacturing companies in Kentucky with ∼150 to 350 employees each.
Randomly selected employees.
Multicomponent environmental intervention that included employee advisory committees, point-of-decision prompts, walking paths, cafeteria/vending changes, and educational materials.
Height; weight; body fat; blood pressure; fasting lipids, glucose and insulin; and dietary intake were assessed prior to and 3, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the intervention.
Mixed-model repeat-measure analyses of covariance were used to analyze data collected over the study period. Categorical data were analyzed in contingency tables. A p value of .05 was used to judge statistical significance.
There were no intervention effects for outcome variables, with the exception of lower intake of saturated fat and dietary cholesterol in the intervention group compared to the control group. Over the course of the study, changes in anthropometry and biomeasures were similar in both groups.
Findings indicate that subtle environmental changes alone may not impact employees' weight and health; however, such institutional-level approaches may be essential to support healthy lifestyle habits that are initiated by more intensive efforts. Academic researchers should continue to partner with employers and practitioners to develop, implement, and evaluate innovative health promotion strategies including environmental interventions.
确定环境干预对肥胖、疾病风险因素和饮食摄入的影响在员工人群中。
随机对照社区试验。
肯塔基州的八家制造公司，每家公司约有 150 至 350 名员工。
随机选择的员工。
多成分环境干预措施，包括员工咨询委员会、决策点提示、步行道、自助餐厅/售货机的改变和教育材料。
在干预开始前、3 个月、6 个月和 12 个月时评估身高、体重、体脂肪、血压、空腹血脂、血糖和胰岛素以及饮食摄入量。
使用混合模型重复测量协方差分析来分析研究期间收集的数据。使用列联表分析分类数据。p 值<.05 被用来判断统计学意义。
除了干预组与对照组相比，饱和脂肪和膳食胆固醇的摄入量较低外，结果变量没有干预效果。在研究过程中，两组的人体测量和生物测量变化相似。
研究结果表明，仅进行微妙的环境改变可能不会影响员工的体重和健康；然而，这种机构层面的方法可能对于支持更密集的努力所产生的健康生活习惯是必不可少的。学术研究人员应继续与雇主和从业者合作，制定、实施和评估创新的健康促进策略，包括环境干预措施。
