Fioretti Alessandra, Eibenstein Alberto, Fusetti Marco
Surgical Sciences Department, ENT, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Open Neurol J. 2011 Mar 22;5:12-7. doi: 10.2174/1874205X01105010012.
Tinnitus is a perception of sound in absence of sound stimulation. Tinnitus in many cases cannot be eliminated by conventional medical treatment with drugs or surgery. Some people who begin to notice tinnitus, whether spontaneous or induced by noise, trauma or other insult, will experience spontaneous resolution, but many patients will have persistent tinnitus. For some of them, tinnitus sensation will be joined by tinnitus suffering, with many adverse effects like anxiety, depression and sleep disorders. For these tinnitus sufferers the psychological and acoustic approach proposed by the Tinnitus Retraining Therapy and Acoustic Desensitization Protocol may be helpful. Periodically new treatments are suggested like low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and sequential phase shift sound cancellation treatment based on the frequency and loudness matching of the tinnitus. The aim of this work is to review modern considerations for the treatment of tinnitus.
耳鸣是在没有声音刺激时对声音的一种感知。在许多情况下，传统的药物或手术治疗无法消除耳鸣。一些开始注意到耳鸣的人，无论耳鸣是自发产生的，还是由噪音、创伤或其他损伤诱发的，都会经历耳鸣的自然缓解，但许多患者会持续存在耳鸣。对其中一些人来说，耳鸣感觉会伴随着耳鸣痛苦，还会产生许多不良影响，如焦虑、抑郁和睡眠障碍。对于这些耳鸣患者，耳鸣再训练疗法和听觉脱敏方案所提出的心理和声学方法可能会有所帮助。定期会有新的治疗方法被提出，如基于耳鸣频率和响度匹配的低频重复经颅磁刺激和序贯相移声音消除治疗。这项工作的目的是综述耳鸣治疗的现代考量。
