一项关于尼日尔三角洲地区对蚊帐看法的探索性定性研究：持续使用的障碍有哪些？
An exploratory qualitative study on perceptions about mosquito bed nets in the Niger Delta: what are the barriers to sustained use?
机构信息
Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, UK;
出版信息
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2011 Apr 6;4:73-83. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S15917.
BACKGROUND
The effectiveness of malaria control programs is determined by an array of complex factors, including the acceptability and sustained use of preventative measures such as the bed net. A small-scale exploratory study was conducted in several locations in the Niger Delta region, Nigeria, to discover barriers against the use of bed nets, in the context of a current drive to scale up net use in Nigeria.
METHODS
A qualitative approach with a convenience sample was used. One to one interviews with mostly male adult volunteers were undertaken which explored typical living and sleeping arrangements, and perceptions about and barriers against the use of the mosquito prevention bed net.
RESULTS
Several key issues emerged from the qualitative data. Bed nets were not reported as widely used in this small sample. The reasons reported for lack of use included issues of convenience, especially net set up and dismantling; potential hazard and safety concerns; issues related to typical family composition and nature of accommodation; humid weather conditions; and perceptions of cost and effectiveness. Most barriers to net use concerned issues about everyday practical living and sleeping arrangements and perceptions about comfort. Interviewees identified were aware of malaria infection risks, but several also indicated certain beliefs that were barriers to net use.
CONCLUSIONS
Successful control of malaria and scale up of insecticide-treated net coverage relies on community perceptions and practice. This small study has illuminated a number of important everyday life issues, which remain barriers to sustained net use, and has clarified further questions to be considered in net design and in future research studies. The study highlights the need for further research on the human concerns that contribute to sustained use of nets or, conversely, present significant barriers to their use.
背景
疟疾控制项目的效果取决于一系列复杂因素，包括预防性措施（如蚊帐）的可接受性和持续使用。在尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲地区的几个地点进行了一项小规模探索性研究，以发现阻碍使用蚊帐的因素，因为目前正在努力在尼日利亚扩大蚊帐的使用。
方法
采用便利抽样的定性方法。对大多数成年男性志愿者进行一对一访谈，探讨典型的生活和睡眠安排，以及对预防蚊虫叮咬的蚊帐的看法和使用障碍。
结果
从定性数据中出现了几个关键问题。在这个小样本中，蚊帐的使用并不普遍。报告的未使用原因包括方便性问题，特别是蚊帐的搭建和拆卸；潜在的危险和安全问题；与典型家庭组成和住宿性质有关的问题；潮湿的天气条件；以及对成本和效果的看法。大多数蚊帐使用障碍都涉及日常实际生活和睡眠安排以及舒适度的问题。受访者意识到疟疾感染的风险，但也有一些人表示，一些信念是阻碍使用蚊帐的因素。
结论
成功控制疟疾和扩大驱虫蚊帐覆盖率依赖于社区的看法和实践。这项小型研究阐明了一些重要的日常生活问题，这些问题仍然是持续使用蚊帐的障碍，并进一步澄清了在蚊帐设计和未来研究中需要考虑的问题。该研究强调需要进一步研究导致人们持续使用蚊帐的人类关注问题，或者相反，对他们使用蚊帐构成重大障碍的问题。
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