Bloom Barbara, Cohen Robin A, Freeman Gulnur
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Health Interview Statistics, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA.
Vital Health Stat 10. 2010 Dec(247):1-82.
This report presents both age-adjusted and unadjusted statistics from the 2009 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) on selected health measures for children under age 18, classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, family structure, parent education, family income, poverty status, health insurance coverage, place of residence, region, and current health status. The topics covered are asthma, allergies, learning disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), prescription medication use, respondent-assessed health status, school days missed due to illness or injury, usual place of health care, time since last contact with a health care professional, selected measures of health care access and utilization, and dental care. New in 2009--Data on food and skin allergies, previously combined in "other allergies," are presented separately in this report.
NHIS is a multistage probability sample survey conducted annually by interviewers of the U.S. Census Bureau for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics and is representative of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States. Data are collected for all family members during face-to-face interviews with adults present at the time of interview. Additional information about children is collected for one randomly selected child per family in face-to-face interviews with an adult proxy respondent familiar with the child's health.
In 2009, most U.S. children aged 17 and under had excellent or very good health (84%). However, 8% of children had no health insurance coverage, and 5% of children had no usual place of health care. Fourteen percent of children had ever been diagnosed with asthma. An estimated 8% of children aged 3-17 had a learning disability, and an estimated 9% of children had ADHD.
本报告展示了2009年美国国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）中针对18岁以下儿童的特定健康指标的年龄调整和未调整统计数据，这些数据按性别、年龄、种族、西班牙裔血统、家庭结构、父母教育程度、家庭收入、贫困状况、医疗保险覆盖范围、居住地点、地区和当前健康状况进行了分类。涵盖的主题包括哮喘、过敏、学习障碍、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）、处方药使用、受访者自我评估的健康状况、因病或受伤缺课天数、通常的医疗保健地点、上次与医疗保健专业人员接触后的时间、医疗保健可及性和利用率的选定指标以及牙科保健。2009年新增内容——此前合并在“其他过敏”中的食物和皮肤过敏数据在本报告中分别列出。
NHIS是美国人口普查局的访谈员每年为疾病控制和预防中心的国家卫生统计中心进行的多阶段概率抽样调查，代表了美国非机构化平民人口。在与受访时在场的成年人进行面对面访谈时，收集所有家庭成员的数据。在与熟悉孩子健康状况的成年代理受访者进行面对面访谈时，为每个家庭随机选择的一名儿童收集有关该儿童的更多信息。
2009年，大多数17岁及以下的美国儿童健康状况极佳或良好（84%）。然而，8%的儿童没有医疗保险覆盖，5%的儿童没有固定的医疗保健地点。14%的儿童曾被诊断患有哮喘。估计8%的3至17岁儿童有学习障碍，估计9%的儿童患有ADHD。
