Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Headache. 2011 Jun;51(6):860-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.01907.x. Epub 2011 May 17.
Migraine is a common, often disabling disorder associated with a significant personal and societal burden. The presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may increase this disability substantially. Migraine and PTSD are both up to 3 times more common in women than in men. The divergence in prevalence rates of migraine and PTSD that occurs between the sexes after puberty suggests that gonadal hormones play an important role. In addition, the preponderance of PTSD in women may be related to their higher rates of interpersonal trauma, the most common cause of PTSD. However, recent data suggest that although the odds of PTSD are increased in both women and men with episodic migraine, this association is stronger in men than women. In this paper, we examine the epidemiology of PTSD and migraine, with an emphasis on the known sex differences. We then discuss the neurobiological changes associated with PTSD, the current hypotheses for the mechanisms relating PTSD and migraine, and the treatment implications of these findings.
偏头痛是一种常见的、常常使人丧失能力的疾病，给个人和社会带来了巨大的负担。创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的存在可能会大大增加这种残疾的程度。偏头痛和 PTSD 在女性中的发病率比男性高 2-3 倍。青春期后男女偏头痛和 PTSD 的发病率差异表明，性腺激素起着重要作用。此外，女性 PTSD 的高发可能与她们更高的人际创伤发生率有关，人际创伤是 PTSD 最常见的原因。然而，最近的数据表明，尽管发作性偏头痛的女性和男性患 PTSD 的几率增加，但这种关联在男性中比女性更强。本文我们将探讨 PTSD 和偏头痛的流行病学，重点讨论已知的性别差异。然后，我们将讨论与 PTSD 相关的神经生物学变化、将 PTSD 和偏头痛联系起来的机制的现有假设，以及这些发现对治疗的影响。
