Kuhn Maggie, Heman-Ackah Selena E, Shaikh Jamil A, Roehm Pamela C
New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Trends Amplif. 2011 Sep;15(3):91-105. doi: 10.1177/1084713811408349. Epub 2011 May 22.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is commonly encountered in audiologic and otolaryngologic practice. SSNHL is most commonly defined as sensorineural hearing loss of 30 dB or greater over at least three contiguous audiometric frequencies occurring within a 72-hr period. Although the differential for SSNHL is vast, for the majority of patients an etiologic factor is not identified. Treatment for SSNHL of known etiology is directed toward that agent, with poor hearing outcomes characteristic for discoverable etiologies that cause inner ear hair cell loss. Steroid therapy is the current mainstay of treatment of idiopathic SSNHL in the United States. The prognosis for hearing recovery for idiopathic SSNHL is dependent on a number of factors including the severity of hearing loss, age, presence of vertigo, and shape of the audiogram.
突发性感音神经性听力损失（SSNHL）在听力学和耳鼻喉科临床实践中较为常见。SSNHL通常被定义为在72小时内至少三个连续听力频率上听力损失30分贝或更多的感音神经性听力损失。尽管SSNHL的鉴别诊断范围很广，但大多数患者的病因未被查明。已知病因的SSNHL治疗针对该病因，对于可发现的导致内耳毛细胞损失的病因，听力预后较差。在美国，类固醇疗法是目前特发性SSNHL治疗的主要方法。特发性SSNHL听力恢复的预后取决于许多因素，包括听力损失的严重程度、年龄、眩晕的存在以及听力图的形状。
