State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, People's Republic of China.
Parasitol Res. 2012 Jan;110(1):235-43. doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2477-2. Epub 2011 May 31.
Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis are important trematodes infecting humans and animals, belonging to the family Opisthorchiidae. In the present study, we sequenced the nearly complete mitochondrial (mt) DNA (mtDNA) sequences of O. viverrini from Laos, obtained the complete mtDNA sequences of C. sinensis from China and Korea, and revealed their gene annotations and genome organizations. The mtDNA sequences of O. viverrini, C. sinensis (China isolate), C. sinensis (Korea isolate) were 13,510, 13,879, and 13,877 bp in size, respectively. Each of the three mt genomes comprises 36 genes, consisting of 12 genes coding for proteins, two genes for rRNA, and 20 genes (O. viverrini) or 22 genes (C. sinensis) for tRNA. The gene content and arrangement are identical to that of Fasciola hepatica, and Paragonimus westermani, but distinct from Schistosoma spp. All genes are transcribed in the same direction and have a nucleotide composition high in T. The contents of A + T of the mt genomes were 59.39% for O. viverrini, 60.03% for C. sinensis (China isolate), and 59.99% for C. sinensis (Korea isolate). Phylogenetic analyses using concatenated amino acid sequences of the 12 protein-coding genes, with three different computational algorithms [maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analysis], all revealed distinct groups with high statistical support, indicating that O. viverrini and C. sinensis represent sister taxa. These data provide additional novel mtDNA markers for studying the molecular epidemiology and population genetics of the two liver flukes and should have implications for the molecular diagnosis, prevention, and control of opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis in humans and animals.
华支睾吸虫和肝片形吸虫是重要的感染人和动物的吸虫，属于双腔科。本研究中，我们测定了来自老挝的华支睾吸虫的近完整线粒体（mt）DNA（mtDNA）序列，获得了来自中国和韩国的肝片形吸虫的完整 mtDNA 序列，并揭示了它们的基因注释和基因组结构。华支睾吸虫、肝片形吸虫（中国分离株）、肝片形吸虫（韩国分离株）的 mtDNA 序列大小分别为 13510、13879 和 13877bp。这三个 mt 基因组各包含 36 个基因，包括 12 个编码蛋白的基因、2 个 rRNA 基因和 20 个（华支睾吸虫）或 22 个（肝片形吸虫）tRNA 基因。基因内容和排列与 Fasciola hepatica 和 Paragonimus westermani 相同，但与 Schistosoma spp. 不同。所有基因均按同一方向转录，具有高 T 的核苷酸组成。mt 基因组的 A + T 含量分别为华支睾吸虫的 59.39%、中国分离株肝片形吸虫的 60.03%和韩国分离株肝片形吸虫的 59.99%。使用三种不同计算算法[最大简约法、最大似然法和贝叶斯分析]对 12 个蛋白编码基因的氨基酸序列进行的系统发育分析，均显示出具有高统计支持的不同群组，表明华支睾吸虫和肝片形吸虫代表姐妹类群。这些数据为研究两种肝吸虫的分子流行病学和群体遗传学提供了额外的新 mtDNA 标记，并且应该对人类和动物的华支睾吸虫病和肝片形吸虫病的分子诊断、预防和控制具有重要意义。
