Institute (formerly IBID), University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2011;712:192-207. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-8414-2_12.
In mammals, cysteine proteases are essential for the induction and development of both innate and adaptive immune responses. These proteases play a role in antigen-and pathogen-recognition and elimination, signal processing and cell homeostasis. Many pathogens also secrete cysteine proteases that often act on the same target proteins as the mammalian proteases and thereby can modulate host immunity from initial recognition to effector mechanisms. Pathogen-derived proteases range from nonspecific proteases that degrade multiple proteins involved in the immune response to enzymes that are very specific in their mode of action. Here, we overview current knowledge of pathogen-derived cysteine proteases that modulate immune responses by altering the normal function of key receptors or pathways in the mammalian immune system.
在哺乳动物中，半胱氨酸蛋白酶对于先天免疫和适应性免疫反应的诱导和发展都是必不可少的。这些蛋白酶在抗原和病原体的识别和清除、信号处理和细胞内稳态中发挥作用。许多病原体也分泌半胱氨酸蛋白酶，这些蛋白酶通常作用于与哺乳动物蛋白酶相同的靶蛋白，从而可以调节宿主从初始识别到效应机制的免疫。病原体衍生的蛋白酶范围从非特异性蛋白酶，这些蛋白酶降解参与免疫反应的多种蛋白质，到作用方式非常特异的酶。在这里，我们概述了目前关于通过改变哺乳动物免疫系统中关键受体或途径的正常功能来调节免疫反应的病原体衍生的半胱氨酸蛋白酶的知识。
