Department of Management, Mays Business School, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4113, USA.
J Appl Psychol. 2011 Nov;96(6):1140-66. doi: 10.1037/a0024004. Epub 2011 Jun 20.
Using meta-analytic tests based on 87 statistically independent samples, we investigated the relationships between the five-factor model (FFM) of personality traits and organizational citizenship behaviors in both the aggregate and specific forms, including individual-directed, organization-directed, and change-oriented citizenship. We found that Emotional Stability, Extraversion, and Openness/Intellect have incremental validity for citizenship over and above Conscientiousness and Agreeableness, 2 well-established FFM predictors of citizenship. In addition, FFM personality traits predict citizenship over and above job satisfaction. Finally, we compared the effect sizes obtained in the current meta-analysis with the comparable effect sizes predicting task performance from previous meta-analyses. As a result, we found that Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, and Extraversion have similar magnitudes of relationships with citizenship and task performance, whereas Openness and Agreeableness have stronger relationships with citizenship than with task performance. This lends some support to the idea that personality traits are (slightly) more important determinants of citizenship than of task performance. We conclude with proposed directions for future research on the relationships between FFM personality traits and specific forms of citizenship, based on the current findings.
使用基于 87 个统计独立样本的元分析测试，我们调查了人格特质五因素模型（FFM）与总体和特定形式的组织公民行为之间的关系，包括个体导向、组织导向和变革导向的公民行为。我们发现，情绪稳定性、外向性和开放性/智力对公民行为具有增量有效性，超过了责任心和宜人性，这是公民行为的两个公认的 FFM 预测因素。此外，FFM 人格特质预测公民行为的效果超过了工作满意度。最后，我们将当前元分析中获得的效应大小与先前元分析中预测任务绩效的可比效应大小进行了比较。结果发现，责任心、情绪稳定性和外向性与公民行为和任务绩效的关系大小相似，而开放性和宜人性与公民行为的关系比与任务绩效的关系更强。这为人格特质对公民行为的影响比任务绩效稍大的观点提供了一些支持。最后，根据当前的发现，我们提出了关于 FFM 人格特质与特定形式的公民行为之间关系的未来研究方向。
