Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2011 Oct;18(5):923-9. doi: 10.3758/s13423-011-0130-9.
Executive-control processes regulate thoughts, emotions, actions, and behaviors that are critical for everyday functioning. Recently, researchers have suggested that these processes can be flexibly modified by tasks that require executive control. Specifically, it has been argued that executive-control tasks can deplete these executive-control processes, which can in turn lead to negative transfer on subsequent task performance. Importantly, the degrees of malleability in executive-control processes and transfer to different tasks are of ongoing debate. The present study critically examined the hypothesis that executive-control processes can be exerted and whether or not this exertion would negatively transfer to performance on various subsequent tasks. Across a series of experiments, negative transfer effects from extensive performance on the antisaccade task were not found. Traditional hypothesis testing and Bayes factor computations were used to validate these findings. Collectively, the present results put in question the use of the antisaccade task to observe both near and far negative transfer from using executive-control processes.
执行控制过程调节对日常功能至关重要的思想、情感、行动和行为。最近，研究人员提出，这些过程可以通过需要执行控制的任务来灵活地修改。具体来说，有人认为执行控制任务会耗尽这些执行控制过程，这反过来又会导致后续任务表现的负转移。重要的是，执行控制过程的可塑程度和对不同任务的转移仍在争论之中。本研究批判性地检验了执行控制过程可以被发挥作用的假设，以及这种发挥是否会对各种后续任务的表现产生负面影响。在一系列实验中，没有发现从反扫视任务的广泛表现中产生的负转移效应。传统的假设检验和贝叶斯因子计算被用来验证这些发现。总的来说，目前的结果质疑了使用反扫视任务来观察从使用执行控制过程中产生的近转移和远转移的有效性。
