Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, USA.
Infect Genet Evol. 2011 Oct;11(7):1514-9. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.06.017. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
Sporadic fatal outbreaks of disease in humans and non-human primates caused by Ebola or Marburg viruses have driven research into the characterization of these viruses with the hopes of identifying host tropisms and potential reservoirs. Such an understanding of the relatedness of newly discovered filoviruses may help to predict risk factors for outbreaks of hemorrhagic disease in humans and/or non-human primates. Recent discoveries such as three distinct genotypes of Reston ebolavirus, unexpectedly discovered in domestic swine in the Philippines; as well as a new species, Bundibugyo ebolavirus; the recent discovery of Lloviu virus as a potential new genus, Cuevavirus, within Filoviridae; and germline integrations of filovirus-like sequences in some animal species bring new insights into the relatedness of filoviruses, their prevalence and potential for transmission to humans. These new findings reveal that filoviruses are more diverse and may have had a greater influence on the evolution of animals than previously thought. Herein we review these findings with regard to the implications for understanding the host range, prevalence and transmission of Filoviridae.
人类和非人类灵长类动物中由埃博拉病毒或马尔堡病毒引起的散发性致命疾病暴发，促使人们对这些病毒进行特征描述的研究，以期确定宿主嗜性和潜在的宿主。对新发现的丝状病毒之间的亲缘关系的这种理解可能有助于预测人类和/或非人类灵长类动物出血性疾病暴发的危险因素。最近的发现，如在菲律宾的家猪中意外发现的三种不同基因型的雷斯顿埃博拉病毒；以及一个新物种，邦迪布尤埃博拉病毒；最近发现的 Lloviu 病毒作为丝状病毒科内的一个潜在的新属 Cuevavirus；以及某些动物物种中丝状病毒样序列的种系整合，为丝状病毒的亲缘关系、它们的流行程度以及向人类传播的潜力带来了新的认识。这些新发现表明，丝状病毒更加多样化，其对动物进化的影响可能比以前认为的更大。本文综述了这些发现对理解丝状病毒科的宿主范围、流行程度和传播的意义。
