Balachandran Kartik, Sucosky Philippe, Yoganathan Ajit P
Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Int J Inflam. 2011;2011:263870. doi: 10.4061/2011/263870. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
Cardiac valves function in a mechanically complex environment, opening and closing close to a billion times during the average human lifetime, experiencing transvalvular pressures and pulsatile and oscillatory shear stresses, as well as bending and axial stress. Although valves were originally thought to be passive pieces of tissue, recent evidence points to an intimate interplay between the hemodynamic environment and biological response of the valve. Several decades of study have been devoted to understanding these varied mechanical stimuli and how they might induce valve pathology. Here, we review efforts taken in understanding the valvular response to its mechanical milieu and key insights gained from in vitro and ex vivo whole-tissue studies in the mechanobiology of aortic valve remodeling, inflammation, and calcification.
心脏瓣膜在机械环境复杂的情况下发挥功能，在人类平均寿命期间开闭近十亿次，承受跨瓣膜压力、脉动和振荡剪切应力，以及弯曲和轴向应力。尽管瓣膜最初被认为是被动的组织，但最近的证据表明血液动力学环境与瓣膜的生物学反应之间存在密切的相互作用。几十年来，人们一直致力于了解这些不同的机械刺激以及它们如何引发瓣膜病变。在这里，我们回顾了在理解瓣膜对其机械环境的反应方面所做的努力，以及从主动脉瓣重塑、炎症和钙化的力学生物学的体外和离体全组织研究中获得的关键见解。
