Ebina T, Tsukada K, Umezu K, Nose M, Tsuda K, Hatta H, Kim M, Yamamoto T
Department of Bacteriology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi.
Microbiol Immunol. 1990;34(7):617-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1990.tb01037.x.
Oral inoculation of human rotavirus MO strain (serotype 3) into 5-day-old BALB/c mice cause gastroenteritis characterized by diarrhea. Clinical symptoms, histopathological changes in the small intestine, and the detection of rotavirus antigen in enterocytes were all characteristic of rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis. Using this small animal model, passive protection of suckling mice against human rotavirus infection was achieved with the use of immunoglobulin (IgY) from the yolks of eggs of rotavirus-immunized hens. When IgY against a rotavirus strain homotypic to the challenge virus (MO strain) was administered in the mice, complete protection against rotavirus infection was achieved. On the other hand, with oral administration of IgY against a heterotypic strain (serotype 1, Wa strain), a lower protective effect was nevertheless obtained. The four different strains of human rotavirus (Wa, KUN, MO, and ST3) were inactivated in vitro by treatment with PSK, a protein-bound polysaccharide preparation, in a dose-dependent manner. Oral administration of 2.5 mg of PSK caused a therapeutic effect on experimentally MO-infected suckling mice. The antiviral effect of PSK was indicated by the reduction of the duration of diarrhea.
将人轮状病毒MO株（血清型3）经口接种到5日龄的BALB/c小鼠中会引发以腹泻为特征的胃肠炎。临床症状、小肠的组织病理学变化以及在肠细胞中检测轮状病毒抗原均为轮状病毒诱导的胃肠炎的特征。利用这个小动物模型，通过使用来自经轮状病毒免疫的母鸡卵黄中的免疫球蛋白（IgY），实现了对乳鼠的被动保护，使其免受人类轮状病毒感染。当给小鼠施用针对与攻击病毒（MO株）同型的轮状病毒株的IgY时，实现了对轮状病毒感染的完全保护。另一方面，口服针对异型株（血清型1，Wa株）的IgY时，仍获得了较低的保护效果。人轮状病毒的四种不同株系（Wa、KUN、MO和ST3）通过用蛋白结合多糖制剂PSK处理在体外以剂量依赖的方式被灭活。口服2.5 mg PSK对实验性感染MO的乳鼠产生了治疗效果。腹泻持续时间的缩短表明了PSK的抗病毒作用。
