Aoi Wataru, Naito Yuji, Yoshikawa Toshikazu
Laboratory of Health Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan.
J Nutr Metab. 2011;2011:676208. doi: 10.1155/2011/676208. Epub 2011 Jun 6.
A sedentary lifestyle can cause metabolic syndrome to develop. Metabolic syndrome is associated with metabolic function in the skeletal muscle, a major consumer of nutrients. Dietary exercise, along with an adequate diet, is reported to be one of the major preventive therapies for metabolic syndrome; exercise improves the metabolic capacity of muscles and prevents the loss of muscle mass. Epidemiological studies have shown that physical activity reduces the risk of various common diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer; it also helps in reducing visceral adipose tissue. In addition, laboratory studies have demonstrated the mechanisms underlying the benefits of single-bout and regular exercise. Exercise regulates the expression/activity of proteins associated with metabolic and anabolic signaling in muscle, leading to a change in phenotype. The extent of these changes depends on the intensity, the duration, and the frequency of the exercise. The effect of exercise is also partly due to a decrease in inflammation, which has been shown to be closely related to the development of various diseases. Furthermore, it has been suggested that several phytochemicals contained in natural foods can improve nutrient metabolism and prevent protein degradation in the muscle.
久坐不动的生活方式会导致代谢综合征的发展。代谢综合征与骨骼肌的代谢功能有关，骨骼肌是营养物质的主要消耗者。据报道，体育锻炼与合理饮食一起，是代谢综合征的主要预防疗法之一；运动可提高肌肉的代谢能力并防止肌肉量流失。流行病学研究表明，体育活动可降低患心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症等各种常见疾病的风险；它还有助于减少内脏脂肪组织。此外，实验室研究已经证明了单次运动和定期运动有益健康的潜在机制。运动调节与肌肉中代谢和合成代谢信号相关的蛋白质的表达/活性，从而导致表型变化。这些变化的程度取决于运动的强度、持续时间和频率。运动的效果还部分归因于炎症的减少，炎症已被证明与各种疾病的发展密切相关。此外，有人提出天然食物中含有的几种植物化学物质可以改善营养物质代谢并防止肌肉中的蛋白质降解。
