Department of Food & Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Lipids Health Dis. 2011 Jul 29;10:126. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-10-126.
Previous work showed that daily ingestion of an aqueous soy extract fermented with Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Lactobacillus helveticus 416, supplemented or not with isoflavones, reduced the total cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol levels, increased the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration and inhibited the raising of autoantibody against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL Ab) and the development of atherosclerotic lesions.
The aim of this study was to characterize the fecal microbiota in order to investigate the possible correlation between fecal microbiota, serum lipid parameters and atherosclerotic lesion development in rabbits with induced hypercholesterolemia, that ingested the aqueous soy extract fermented with Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Lactobacillus helveticus 416.
The rabbits were randomly allocated to five experimental groups (n = 6): control (C), hypercholesterolemic (H), hypercholesterolemic plus unfermented soy product (HUF), hypercholesterolemic plus fermented soy product (HF) and hypercholesterolemic plus isoflavone-supplemented fermented soy product (HIF). Lipid parameters and microbiota composition were analyzed on days 0 and 60 of the treatment and the atherosclerotic lesions were quantified at the end of the experiment. The fecal microbiota was characterized by enumerating the Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Enterococcus spp., Enterobacteria and Clostridium spp. populations.
After 60 days of the experiment, intake of the probiotic soy product was correlated with significant increases (P < 0.05) on Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp. and Enterococcus spp. and a decrease in the Enterobacteria population. A strong correlation was observed between microbiota composition and lipid profile. Populations of Enterococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. were negatively correlated with total cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (oxLDL Ab) and lesion size. HDL-C levels were positively correlated with Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Enterococcus spp. populations.
In conclusion, daily ingestion of the probiotic soy product, supplemented or not with isoflavones, may contribute to a beneficial balance of the fecal microbiota and this modulation is associated with an improved cholesterol profile and inhibition of atherosclerotic lesion development.
先前的研究表明，每日摄入经屎肠球菌 CRL183 和瑞士乳杆菌 416 发酵的大豆提取物，并补充或不补充异黄酮，可降低总胆固醇和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平，增加高密度脂蛋白（HDL）浓度，并抑制氧化型低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL Ab）自身抗体的升高和动脉粥样硬化病变的发展。
本研究的目的是对粪便微生物群进行特征分析，以研究摄入屎肠球菌 CRL183 和瑞士乳杆菌 416 发酵的大豆提取物的高胆固醇血症兔的粪便微生物群与血清脂质参数和动脉粥样硬化病变发展之间的可能相关性。
将兔子随机分为五组（每组 n = 6）：对照组（C）、高胆固醇血症组（H）、高胆固醇血症加未发酵大豆制品组（HUF）、高胆固醇血症加发酵大豆制品组（HF）和高胆固醇血症加异黄酮补充发酵大豆制品组（HIF）。在治疗的第 0 天和第 60 天分析脂质参数和微生物群组成，并在实验结束时量化动脉粥样硬化病变。通过计数乳酸杆菌属、双歧杆菌属、肠球菌属、肠杆菌属和梭菌属的数量来描述粪便微生物群。
实验 60 天后，摄入益生菌大豆制品与乳酸杆菌属、双歧杆菌属和肠球菌属显著增加（P < 0.05）和肠杆菌属数量减少相关。微生物群组成与脂质谱之间存在很强的相关性。肠球菌属、乳酸杆菌属和双歧杆菌属的种群与总胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、氧化型 LDL（oxLDL Ab）自身抗体和病变大小呈负相关。HDL-C 水平与乳酸杆菌属、双歧杆菌属和肠球菌属的种群呈正相关。
综上所述，每日摄入益生菌大豆制品，无论是否补充异黄酮，都可能有助于维持粪便微生物群的有益平衡，这种调节与改善胆固醇谱和抑制动脉粥样硬化病变发展有关。
