Sejdini A, Mahmud R, Lim Y A L, Mahdy M, Sejdini F, Gjoni V, Xhaferraj K, Kasmi G
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2011 Apr;105(3):241-50. doi: 10.1179/136485911X12987676649584.
Although intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) among children remain a global issue, the current information on such infections in Albanian children is very limited. A cross-sectional study of the IPI in 321 children living in the Albanian counties of Tirana (152) and Elbasan (169) was therefore conducted in 2008, with a pre-tested standard questionnaire employed to gather the relevant personal and clinical data. Using formalin-ether concentration and permanent stains, stool samples were examined microscopically for the ova, cysts and oocysts of any parasites. The overall prevalence of IPI was 19% (61 of 321), with protozoan infections (11·5%) apparently more common than infections with soil-transmitted helminths (STH; 8·1%). Giardia duodenalis was the parasite most frequently detected (10·9%), followed by hookworm (5·6%), Ascaris lumbricoides (1·9%), Trichuris trichiura (0·6%), Cryptosporidium (0·3%) and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (0·3%). The results of a univariate analysis indicated that the children from Tirana county were significantly more likely to be found infected with STH compared with the children from Elbasan county (12·5% v. 4·1%; P=0·006). Children sampled in the community were also more likely to be found STH-positive than the children sampled as they attended hospitals and health clinics (10·5% v. 6·0%) but this difference did not reach statistical significance. The children found STH-positive were five times more likely to be suffering from diarrhoea than the other children checked in clinical settings (P=0·004) and were also more likely to be suffering from abdominal pain (P=0·054) and/or diminished appetite (P=0·016).
尽管儿童肠道寄生虫感染仍是一个全球性问题，但目前关于阿尔巴尼亚儿童此类感染的信息非常有限。因此，2008年对居住在阿尔巴尼亚地拉那县（152名）和爱尔巴桑县（169名）的321名儿童进行了肠道寄生虫感染的横断面研究，采用预先测试的标准问卷收集相关的个人和临床数据。使用福尔马林-乙醚浓缩法和永久性染色，对粪便样本进行显微镜检查，以查找任何寄生虫的虫卵、包囊和卵囊。肠道寄生虫感染的总体患病率为19%（321名中的61名），原生动物感染（11.5%）明显比土源性蠕虫感染（8.1%）更常见。十二指肠贾第虫是最常检测到的寄生虫（10.9%），其次是钩虫（5.6%）、蛔虫（1.9%）、鞭虫（0.6%）、隐孢子虫（0.3%）和溶组织内阿米巴/迪氏内阿米巴（0.3%）。单因素分析结果表明，与爱尔巴桑县的儿童相比，地拉那县的儿童感染土源性蠕虫的可能性显著更高（12.5%对4.1%；P=0.006）。在社区采样的儿童也比在医院和健康诊所采样的儿童更有可能被检测出土源性蠕虫呈阳性（10.5%对6.0%），但这种差异未达到统计学显著性。检测出土源性蠕虫呈阳性的儿童患腹泻的可能性是在临床环境中接受检查的其他儿童的五倍（P=0.004），也更有可能出现腹痛（P=0.054）和/或食欲减退（P=0.016）。
