Ecole Doctorale Régionale d'Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale (ECODRAC), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP 876, Franceville, Gabon.
Unité d'Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistance Parasitaire (UNEEREP), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), BP 769, Franceville, Gabon.
BMC Infect Dis. 2020 May 15;20(1):350. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05071-x.
Pediatric diarrhea caused by a range of pathogens, including intestinal parasites, is one of main causes of death among children under 5 years of age. The distribution of these parasitic infections overlaps in many environmental, socioeconomic and epidemiological settings. Their distribution and prevalence varies from region to region. In the current study, we assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites among pediatric patients with syndromic diarrheal disease living in Franceville, Gabon.
A cross-sectional study conducted in the Amissa Bongo Regional Hospital and Chinese-Gabonese Friendship Hospital in Franceville, between November 2016 and August 2017, enrolled a total of 100 diarrheic children between 0 and 180 months of age. Parasite detection in stool samples was performed using molecular diagnostic by PCR. Difference in means were tested by Student's t test and ANOVA while principal component analysis was used to determine the correlation between parasite distributions and age groups.
The overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection was 61% (61/100). Hymenolepis sp and Cryptosporidium hominis/parvum were the most common parasites (31 and 19%, respectively), followed by Encephalitozoon intestinalis (15%), Trichuris trichiura (4%), Dientamoeba fragilis (4%), and Enterocytozoon bieneusi (2%). The polyparasitism rate was 19.7%, with 83.3% double and 16.7% triple infections. Protozoan infections (66.7%) were more prevalent than helminths infections (33.3%). Seasonal association of the circulation of intestinal parasite was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Correlations between different parasites was also observed.
The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections is highest in diarrheic pediatric children. The prevalence of parasitic infections indicates that protozoa and helminths are the most common parasites in the Franceville environment. This study reinforces the importance of routine examination of diarrheic stool samples for the diagnostic of intestinal parasites. Further analyses are required to better understand the local epidemiology and risk factors associated with the transmission of intestinal parasites in Franceville, Gabon. KEYSWORDS: diarrhea, children, intestinal parasitic infections, molecular diagnostic, Franceville, Gabon.
由多种病原体引起的小儿腹泻，包括肠道寄生虫，是 5 岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因之一。这些寄生虫感染的分布在许多环境、社会经济和流行病学环境中是重叠的。它们的分布和流行率因地区而异。在目前的研究中，我们评估了生活在加蓬弗朗维尔的综合征性腹泻病儿科患者中肠道寄生虫的流行率。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2016 年 11 月至 2017 年 8 月在弗朗维尔的阿米萨邦戈地区医院和中加友好医院进行，共纳入了 100 名 0 至 180 个月龄的腹泻儿童。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）的分子诊断检测粪便样本中的寄生虫。通过学生 t 检验和方差分析检验均值差异，同时使用主成分分析确定寄生虫分布与年龄组之间的相关性。
肠道寄生虫感染的总患病率为 61%（61/100）。曼氏迭宫绦虫和隐孢子虫/小隐孢子虫是最常见的寄生虫（分别为 31%和 19%），其次是肠孢子虫（15%）、鞭虫（4%）、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫（4%）和微小隐孢子虫（2%）。多寄生虫感染率为 19.7%，其中 83.3%为双重感染，16.7%为三重感染。原虫感染（66.7%）比蠕虫感染（33.3%）更为普遍。肠道寄生虫循环的季节性关联具有统计学意义（p=0.03）。还观察到不同寄生虫之间的相关性。
肠道寄生虫感染在腹泻的儿科儿童中患病率最高。寄生虫感染的流行率表明，在弗朗维尔地区，原虫和蠕虫是最常见的寄生虫。本研究加强了对腹泻粪便样本进行常规寄生虫检查以诊断肠道寄生虫的重要性。需要进一步分析以更好地了解加蓬弗朗维尔与肠道寄生虫传播相关的当地流行病学和危险因素。关键词：腹泻、儿童、肠道寄生虫感染、分子诊断、弗朗维尔、加蓬。
