Department of Physiology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
J Physiol. 2011 Oct 1;589(Pt 19):4777-86. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2011.214726. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
Increasing evidence links vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular dysfunction in human adults. There is a worldwide increase in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in women of reproductive age, particularly dark-skinned and/or veiled women and their infants. We used a rat model to determine the functional impact of vitamin D deficiency during intra uterine and early life on resistance artery reactivity and blood pressure in the offspring as young adults. Rat dams were maintained on vitamin D deficient or replete chow before and during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were maintained on the same chow until studied at 7-8 weeks of age. Conscious blood pressure was measured. Endothelial and smooth muscle function were tested in mesenteric arteries on a pressure myograph. Vitamin D deficient male and female offspring had a 10-fold lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (P < 0.0001) and markedly elevated blood pressures (11-20 mmHg, P < 0.001) and heart rates (21-40 beats min(-1), P < 0.02) than control fed offspring. Serum calcium was unchanged. Mesenteric artery myogenic tone was doubled in vitamin D deficiency. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide-evoked dilation was halved in arteries from vitamin D deficient males and dioestrous females. Dilation attributed to endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor was all but abolished in vitamin D deficient oestrous females. Nitroprusside-evoked dilation was unaltered in arteries from males, but was markedly reduced in vessels of vitamin D deplete females. In conclusion, early life vitamin D deficiency is associated with endothelial vasodilator dysfunction, and this is likely to contribute to the accompanying elevation in blood pressure and an increased cardiovascular disease risk.
越来越多的证据表明，维生素 D 缺乏与成年人的心血管功能障碍有关。在育龄妇女中，尤其是皮肤较黑和/或蒙面的妇女及其婴儿中，维生素 D 缺乏的患病率在全球范围内有所增加。我们使用大鼠模型来确定子宫内和生命早期维生素 D 缺乏对成年后代阻力动脉反应性和血压的功能影响。在怀孕和哺乳期之前和期间，大鼠母鼠维持在维生素 D 缺乏或充足的饲料上。后代在 7-8 周龄时仍维持在相同的饲料上进行研究。测量清醒血压。在压力肌动描记器上测试肠系膜动脉的内皮和平滑肌功能。维生素 D 缺乏的雄性和雌性后代的血清 25-羟维生素 D 水平低 10 倍（P < 0.0001），血压（11-20 mmHg，P < 0.001）和心率（21-40 次/分钟，P < 0.02）明显升高，与对照喂养的后代相比。血清钙没有变化。维生素 D 缺乏使肠系膜动脉肌源性张力增加一倍。维生素 D 缺乏的雄性和发情期雌性动脉中，内皮衍生的一氧化氮引起的扩张减少了一半。维生素 D 缺乏的发情期雌性动脉中，内皮衍生的超极化因子引起的扩张几乎被完全消除。硝普钠引起的扩张在雄性动脉中没有改变，但在维生素 D 缺乏的雌性血管中明显减少。总之，生命早期维生素 D 缺乏与内皮血管舒张功能障碍有关，这可能是伴随的血压升高和心血管疾病风险增加的原因。
