Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amager Hospital, Italiensvej 1, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Am J Sports Med. 2011 Nov;39(11):2296-303. doi: 10.1177/0363546511419277. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
The incidence of acute hamstring injuries is high in several sports, including the different forms of football.
The authors investigated the preventive effect of eccentric strengthening of the hamstring muscles using the Nordic hamstring exercise compared with no additional hamstring exercise on the rate of acute hamstring injuries in male soccer players.
Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.
Fifty Danish male professional and amateur soccer teams (942 players) were allocated to an intervention group (461 players) or a control group (481 players). Players in the intervention group conducted a 10-week progressive eccentric training program followed by a weekly seasonal program, whereas players in the control group followed their usual training program. The main outcome measures were numbers of overall, new, and recurrent acute hamstring injuries during 1 full soccer season.
Fifty-two acute hamstring injuries in the control group compared with 15 injuries in the intervention group were registered. Comparing intervention versus the control group, overall acute hamstring injury rates per 100 player seasons were 3.8 versus 13.1 (adjusted rate ratio [RR], 0.293; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.150-0.572; P < .001). New injury rates per 100 player seasons were 3.1 versus 8.1 (RR, 0.410; 95% CI, 0.180-0.933; P = .034), whereas recurrent injury rates per 100 player seasons were 7.1 versus 45.8 (RR, 0.137; 95% CI, 0.037-0.509; P = .003). Number needed to treat [NNT] to prevent 1 acute hamstring injury (new or recurrent) is 13 (95% CI, 9-23) players. The NNT to prevent 1 new injury is 25 (95% CI, 15-72) players, and NNT to prevent 1 recurrent injury is 3 (95% CI, 2-6) players.
IN male professional and amateur soccer players, additional eccentric hamstring exercise decreased the rate of overall, new, and recurrent acute hamstring injuries.
在包括不同形式的足球在内的几项运动中，急性腘绳肌损伤的发生率较高。
作者研究了使用北欧式腘绳肌训练（Nordic hamstring exercise）对腘绳肌进行离心强化与不进行额外腘绳肌训练相比，对男性足球运动员急性腘绳肌损伤发生率的预防效果。
随机对照试验；证据水平，1 级。
50 支丹麦男子职业和业余足球队（942 名球员）被分配到干预组（461 名球员）或对照组（481 名球员）。干预组的球员进行了 10 周的渐进性离心训练计划，随后进行了每周的季节性计划，而对照组的球员则遵循他们的常规训练计划。主要结局指标是整个足球赛季中整体、新发和复发性急性腘绳肌损伤的数量。
对照组有 52 例急性腘绳肌损伤，而干预组有 15 例。与对照组相比，干预组的整体急性腘绳肌损伤率为每 100 名球员赛季 3.8 例，对照组为每 100 名球员赛季 13.1 例（调整后的率比 [RR]，0.293；95%置信区间 [CI]，0.150-0.572；P <.001）。每 100 名球员赛季的新发损伤率为 3.1 例比 8.1 例（RR，0.410；95%CI，0.180-0.933；P =.034），而复发性损伤率为 7.1 例比 45.8 例（RR，0.137；95%CI，0.037-0.509；P =.003）。预防 1 例急性腘绳肌损伤（新发或复发）需要治疗的人数[NNT]为 13（95%CI，9-23）名球员。预防 1 例新发损伤的 NNT 为 25（95%CI，15-72）名球员，预防 1 例复发性损伤的 NNT 为 3（95%CI，2-6）名球员。
在男性职业和业余足球运动员中，额外的腘绳肌离心训练降低了整体、新发和复发性急性腘绳肌损伤的发生率。
