Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Zootecnia, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Str. prov.le per Casamassima, Km 3, 70010, Bari, Italy.
Vet Microbiol. 2012 Jan 27;154(3-4):395-402. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.07.021. Epub 2011 Jul 28.
Little information is available on the molecular epidemiology of dermatophytoses in rabbit farms and farm workers. A total of 117 isolates belonging to the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex and 21 isolates of Microsporum canis were collected from rabbits with or without skin lesions, air samples of farms known to harbour these pathogens, and from farm workers with skin lesions, and molecularly characterized. Sequencing of amplicons from the T. mentagrophytes complex and M. canis isolates revealed the presence of one sequence-type for both partial chitin synthase-1 gene (pchs-1) and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS+), respectively. On the basis of comparative sequence analyses, isolated representing the T. mentagrophytes complex were molecularly identified as Trichophyton interdigitale (zoophilic) Priestley. The M. canis and T. interdigitale pchs-1 sequences herein analysed were 100% homologous to known sequences from different hosts (i.e., cats, dogs, humans and rabbits). Conversely, the ITS+ sequences of T. interdigitale from dogs, pigs and mice were identical, but displayed up to 8.6% difference with those from humans, guinea pigs and rabbits. The results of this study suggest that environmental and clinical isolates of T. interdigitale (zoophilic) and M. canis might share a common origin. Interestingly, the close phylogenetic relationship between T. interdigitale (zoophilic) strains and isolates from dogs, pigs and mice might indicate that these animals represented a reservoir of dermatophyte infection in rabbit farms. These animal species should therefore be considered when setting up control protocols to prevent infections by dermatophytes and their zoonotic transmission.
关于兔场和农场工人中皮肤癣菌病的分子流行病学，信息很少。从有或没有皮肤病变的兔子、已知携带这些病原体的农场的空气样本以及有皮肤病变的农场工人中收集了总共 117 株属于毛癣菌复合种和 21 株犬小孢子菌的分离株，并进行了分子特征分析。从毛癣菌复合种和犬小孢子菌分离株的扩增子中测序显示，两个部分几丁质合酶-1 基因（pchs-1）和核糖体内部转录间隔区（ITS+）的序列型均存在一个。基于比较序列分析，代表毛癣菌复合种的分离株在分子上被鉴定为亲动物性的须癣毛癣菌（Trichophyton interdigitale）。本文分析的犬小孢子菌和 T. interdigitale pchs-1 序列与来自不同宿主（即猫、狗、人类和兔子）的已知序列完全同源。相反，来自狗、猪和老鼠的 T. interdigitale ITS+序列完全相同，但与来自人类、豚鼠和兔子的序列存在高达 8.6%的差异。这项研究的结果表明，亲动物性的须癣毛癣菌（Trichophyton interdigitale）和犬小孢子菌的环境和临床分离株可能具有共同的起源。有趣的是，亲动物性的须癣毛癣菌（Trichophyton interdigitale）菌株与来自狗、猪和老鼠的分离株之间的密切系统发育关系可能表明这些动物是兔场皮肤癣菌感染的潜在来源。因此，在制定预防皮肤癣菌感染及其人畜共患病传播的控制方案时，应考虑这些动物物种。
