在流行地区，天然霍乱感染获得的免疫力。
Natural cholera infection-derived immunity in an endemic setting.
机构信息
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
出版信息
J Infect Dis. 2011 Sep 15;204(6):912-8. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jir416.
BACKGROUND
Live oral cholera vaccines may protect against cholera in a manner similar to natural cholera infections. However, information on which to base these vaccines is limited.
METHODS
The study was conducted in a cholera-endemic population in Bangladesh. Patients with cholera (index patients) detected between 1991 and 2000 were age-matched to 4 cholera-free controls and then followed up during the subsequent 3 years.
RESULTS
El Tor cholera was associated with a 65% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37%-81%; P < .001) lower risk of a subsequent El Tor episode. Reduction of the risk of subsequent El Tor cholera was similar for children < 5 years and for older persons and was sustained during all 3 years of follow-up. Having El Tor Inaba cholera was associated with lower risks of both El Tor Inaba and El Tor Ogawa cholera, but having El Tor Ogawa cholera was associated only with a reduced risk of El Tor Ogawa cholera. O139 cholera was associated with a 63% (95% CI, -61% to 92%; P = .18) lower risk of subsequent O139 cholera, but there was no evidence of cross-protection between the O1 and O139 serogroups.
CONCLUSIONS
Live oral cholera vaccines designed to protect against the O1 and O139 serogroups should contain at least the Inaba serotype and strains of both serogroups.
背景
口服霍乱活疫苗可能通过类似于自然霍乱感染的方式提供保护。然而，目前对于这些疫苗的信息还很有限。
方法
该研究在孟加拉国的一个霍乱流行地区进行。1991 年至 2000 年间检测到的霍乱患者（对照病例）与 4 名无霍乱对照患者进行年龄匹配，然后在随后的 3 年内进行随访。
结果
埃尔托霍乱的发生风险降低了 65%（95%可信区间，37%-81%；P<0.001）。儿童<5 岁和年龄较大的人群发生随后的埃尔托霍乱的风险降低相似，并且在随访的 3 年内都保持稳定。感染埃尔托小川型霍乱的风险较低，与感染埃尔托稻叶型和埃尔托型霍乱的风险均较低有关，但感染埃尔托型霍乱仅与感染埃尔托型霍乱的风险降低有关。O139 霍乱的发生风险降低了 63%（95%可信区间，-61%至 92%；P=0.18），但 O1 和 O139 血清群之间没有交叉保护作用。
结论
为预防 O1 和 O139 血清群而设计的口服霍乱活疫苗至少应包含小川血清型和两个血清群的菌株。
Zotero 插件