Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Int J Cancer. 2012 Jul 15;131(2):479-87. doi: 10.1002/ijc.26383. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
Acrylamide has been designated by IARC as a "probable human carcinogen." High levels are formed during cooking of many commonly consumed foods including French fries, potato chips, breakfast cereal and coffee. Two prospective cohort studies and two case-control studies in Europe found no association between acrylamide intake and prostate cancer. We examined this association in a large prospective cohort of 47,896 US men in the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study, using updated dietary acrylamide intake from food frequency questionnaires in 1986, 1990, 1994, 1998 and 2002. From 1986 through 2006, we documented 5025 cases of prostate cancer, and 642 lethal cancers. We used Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association between acrylamide intake from diet and prostate cancer risk overall as well as risk of advanced or lethal cancer. Acrylamide intake ranged from a mean of 10.5 mcg/day in the lowest quintile to 40.1 mcg/day in the highest quintile; coffee and potato products were largest contributors to intake. The multivariate-adjusted relative risk of prostate cancer was 1.02 (95% confidence interval: 0.92-1.13) for the highest versus lowest quintile of acrylamide intake (p-value for trend = 0.90). Results were similar when restricted to never smokers and to men who had prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests. There was no significant association for dietary acrylamide and risk of lethal, advanced or high-grade disease, or for different latency periods ranging from 0-4 years to 12-16 years. We found no evidence that acrylamide intake, within the range of US diets, is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer.
丙烯酰胺已被 IARC 列为“可能的人类致癌物”。在许多常见的食用食品中，包括炸薯条、薯片、早餐麦片和咖啡，都会形成高水平的丙烯酰胺。欧洲的两项前瞻性队列研究和两项病例对照研究均未发现丙烯酰胺摄入量与前列腺癌之间存在关联。我们在一项针对 47896 名美国男性的大型前瞻性队列研究中检查了这种关联，该研究使用了 1986 年、1990 年、1994 年、1998 年和 2002 年食物频率问卷中更新的饮食丙烯酰胺摄入量。从 1986 年到 2006 年，我们记录了 5025 例前列腺癌病例和 642 例致命癌症病例。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型评估了饮食中丙烯酰胺摄入与前列腺癌总体风险以及晚期或致命癌症风险之间的关系。丙烯酰胺摄入量从最低五分位数的平均 10.5 mcg/天到最高五分位数的 40.1 mcg/天不等；咖啡和土豆制品是摄入量最大的来源。最高五分位数与最低五分位数相比，多变量调整后的前列腺癌相对风险为 1.02（95%置信区间：0.92-1.13）（趋势检验 p 值=0.90）。当限制在从不吸烟者和进行前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测的男性中时，结果相似。饮食丙烯酰胺与致命、晚期或高级别疾病的风险或从 0-4 年到 12-16 年的不同潜伏期之间没有显著关联。我们没有发现证据表明，在美国饮食范围内摄入丙烯酰胺会增加前列腺癌的风险。
