Filippini Tommaso, Halldorsson Thorhallur I, Capitão Carolina, Martins Raquel, Giannakou Konstantinos, Hogervorst Janneke, Vinceti Marco, Åkesson Agneta, Leander Karin, Katsonouri Andromachi, Santos Osvaldo, Virgolino Ana, Laguzzi Federica
Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN)-Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Department of Epidemiology Research, Centre for Fetal Programming, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 25;9:875607. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.875607. eCollection 2022.
Diet is a main source of acrylamide exposure to humans. Existing observational data on the relationship between dietary exposure to acrylamide and risk of cancer are inconsistent. We performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies evaluating the association between dietary acrylamide exposure and several site-specific cancer. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases until March 7, 2022. Studies were eligible if they were carried out in non-occupationally exposed adults, assessed dietary acrylamide exposure (μg/day) and reported risk estimates of cancer incidence (all but gynecological cancers). Using a random-effects model, we performed a meta-analysis of site-specific cancer risk comparing the highest vs. lowest category of dietary acrylamide exposure. We also carried out a one-stage dose-response meta-analysis assessing the shape of the association. Out of 1,994 papers screened, 31 were eligible (total of 16 studies), which included 1,151,189 participants in total, out of whom 48,175 developed cancer during the median follow-up period of 14.9 years (range 7.3-33.9). The mean estimated dose of dietary acrylamide across studies was 23 μg/day. Pooled analysis showed no association between the highest vs. lowest dietary acrylamide exposure and each site-specific cancer investigated, with no evidence of thresholds in the dose-response meta-analysis. There were also no associations between dietary acrylamide exposure and the risk of cancers when stratifying by smoking status, except for increased risk of lung cancer in smokers. In conclusion, high dietary acrylamide exposure was not associated with an increased risk of site-specific non-gynecological cancer.
饮食是人类接触丙烯酰胺的主要来源。关于饮食中丙烯酰胺暴露与癌症风险之间关系的现有观察数据并不一致。我们对评估饮食中丙烯酰胺暴露与几种特定部位癌症之间关联的流行病学研究进行了系统综述和剂量反应荟萃分析。在PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中进行了系统的文献检索，直至2022年3月7日。如果研究是在非职业暴露的成年人中进行的，评估了饮食中丙烯酰胺暴露量（微克/天）并报告了癌症发病率的风险估计值（除妇科癌症外的所有癌症），则这些研究符合条件。我们使用随机效应模型，对饮食中丙烯酰胺暴露量最高与最低类别进行比较，对特定部位癌症风险进行了荟萃分析。我们还进行了单阶段剂量反应荟萃分析，以评估这种关联的形式。在筛选的1994篇论文中，有31篇符合条件（共16项研究），总共包括1151189名参与者，其中48175人在14.9年的中位随访期（范围7.3 - 33.9年）内患癌。各研究中饮食丙烯酰胺的平均估计剂量为23微克/天。汇总分析表明，饮食中丙烯酰胺暴露量最高与最低类别与所研究的每种特定部位癌症之间均无关联，剂量反应荟萃分析中也没有阈值证据。按吸烟状况分层时，饮食中丙烯酰胺暴露与癌症风险之间也无关联，但吸烟者患肺癌的风险增加。总之，高饮食丙烯酰胺暴露与特定部位非妇科癌症风险增加无关。
