School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Physiol. 2011 Aug 15;2:48. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2011.00048. eCollection 2011.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have appeared as important regulators of various biological processes including development, cancer, immunity, and host-microorganism interactions. Accumulating evidence demonstrates the differential expression of host miRNAs upon infection by various microorganisms and the involvement of microorganism-encoded miRNAs in host manipulation. Some of these alterations could be part of a host response to an infection to limit replication and dissemination of the microorganism or, conversely, due to manipulation of the host miRNA pathway by the microorganism to facilitate its replication. Insights into the role of miRNAs in host defense responses and host manipulation by microorganisms will enable a better understanding of host-microorganism interactions.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 已成为各种生物过程（包括发育、癌症、免疫和宿主-微生物相互作用）的重要调控因子。越来越多的证据表明，宿主 miRNA 在受到各种微生物感染时会出现差异表达，并且微生物编码的 miRNA 参与了宿主的操纵。这些变化中的一部分可能是宿主对感染的反应的一部分，以限制微生物的复制和传播，或者相反，由于微生物对宿主 miRNA 途径的操纵，以促进其复制。深入了解 miRNA 在宿主防御反应和微生物对宿主的操纵中的作用，将有助于更好地理解宿主-微生物相互作用。
