Scarano Antonio, Degidi Marco, Perrotti Vittoria, Piattelli Adriano, Iezzi Giovanna
Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Mar;16(1):41-5. doi: 10.1007/s10006-011-0296-3. Epub 2011 Sep 24.
Phycogene hydroxyapatite is a biological hydroxyapatite derived from calcifying maritime algae, and is prepared by hydrothermal conversion by pyrolitical segmentation of the calcium carbonate of native algae into fluorhydroxyapatite. The aim of the present study was a histological and histomorphometrical evaluation, in humans, of specimens retrieved from sinuses augmented with phycogene hydroxyapatite, after a healing period of 6 months.
Ten healthy patients with noncontributory past medical history (four women and six men, all nonsmokers, mean age 59 years, range 54-65 years) were included in this study. All patients were candidates for augmentation in the posterior maxilla in order to receive fixed restorations. The maxillary sinuses were filled with phycogene hydroxyapatite (Algipore®, Dentsply Friadent, Mannheim, Germany). Twenty-three implants (XiVE®, Dentsply Friadent, Mannheim, Germany) were placed in the augmented sinuses after a healing period of about 6 months. The bone cores were retrieved and were processed for histology. Most particles of phycogene hydroxyapatite were surrounded by a mineralized tissue, and the biomaterial particles had served as an osteoconductive scaffold. Most particles were bridged by newly formed bone characterized by the presence of large osteocytic lacunae, also around the phycogene hydroxyapatite particles, which appeared to be partially resorbed and substituted by new bone. No inflammatory cells or foreign body reaction cells were present around the biomaterial. No gaps were present at the bone-particle interface, and the bone was always in close contact with the particles. Histomorphometry showed that the percentage of newly formed bone was 35.2 ± 3.6%, marrow spaces 35.6 ± 2.3%, and residual grafted material 37.1 ± 3.8%.
In conclusion, the present results support the literature findings that phycogene hydroxyapatite can be used, successfully, for sinus augmentation procedures.
藻源羟基磷灰石是一种源自钙化海藻的生物羟基磷灰石，通过将天然海藻中的碳酸钙热解分割为氟羟基磷灰石进行水热转化制备而成。本研究的目的是在人类中对经过6个月愈合期后从用藻源羟基磷灰石进行上颌窦增量的标本进行组织学和组织形态计量学评估。
本研究纳入了10名既往病史无特殊的健康患者（4名女性和6名男性，均不吸烟，平均年龄59岁，范围54 - 65岁）。所有患者均为上颌后牙区增量以接受固定修复的候选者。上颌窦用藻源羟基磷灰石（Algipore®，德国登士柏菲亚特，曼海姆）填充。经过约6个月的愈合期后，在增量后的上颌窦中植入23枚种植体（XiVE®，德国登士柏菲亚特，曼海姆）。取出骨芯并进行组织学处理。大多数藻源羟基磷灰石颗粒被矿化组织包围，生物材料颗粒起到了骨传导支架的作用。大多数颗粒被新形成的骨桥接，其特征是存在大的骨细胞陷窝，在藻源羟基磷灰石颗粒周围也有，这些颗粒似乎被部分吸收并被新骨替代。生物材料周围未发现炎症细胞或异物反应细胞。骨颗粒界面处没有间隙，骨始终与颗粒紧密接触。组织形态计量学显示，新形成骨的百分比为35.2±3.6%，骨髓腔为35.6±2.3%，剩余移植材料为37.1±3.8%。
总之，本研究结果支持文献中的发现，即藻源羟基磷灰石可成功用于上颌窦增量手术。
