Gutierrez Rosa Martha Pérez, Gómez Yolanda Gómez Y, Guzman Mónica Damián
Department of Organic Chemistry, Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias extractivas IPN, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, 07758, México D.F.
Pharmacogn Mag. 2011 Jul;7(27):254-9. doi: 10.4103/0973-1296.84243.
The hypoglycemic effects of hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of leaves of Azadirachta indica (AI) were evaluated by oral administration in streptozotocin-induced severe diabetic rats (SD).
The effect of chronic oral administration of the extract for 28 days was evaluated in streptozotozin diabetic rats. Lipid peroxidation, glycogen content of liver and skeletal muscles, insulin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were determined. In addition, advanced glycation end product formation (AGEs) was evaluated.
The most active extracts were obtained with chloroform. Chloroform extract from AI shows increased levels of SOD, GSH, GSSG and CAT, hepatic glycogen content, glucose-6-phosphatase and insulin plasma levels, which also decreased the glucokinase (GK), lipid peroxidation and insulin resistance. The chloroform extract exhibited significant inhibitory activity against advanced glycation end product formation with an IC(50) average range of 79.1 mg/ml.
Azadirachta indica can improve hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinema in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats and, therefore, AI can be potentially considered to be an antidiabetic-safe agent.
通过对链脲佐菌素诱导的重度糖尿病大鼠（SD大鼠）口服给药，评估了印楝叶的己烷、氯仿和甲醇提取物的降血糖作用。
在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠中评估提取物连续28天口服给药的效果。测定脂质过氧化、肝脏和骨骼肌的糖原含量、胰岛素、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）水平。此外，还评估了晚期糖基化终产物的形成（AGEs）。
氯仿提取物活性最强。印楝叶氯仿提取物显示SOD、GSH、GSSG和CAT水平升高，肝糖原含量、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶和胰岛素血浆水平升高，同时降低了葡萄糖激酶（GK）、脂质过氧化和胰岛素抵抗。氯仿提取物对晚期糖基化终产物的形成表现出显著的抑制活性，IC（50）平均范围为79.1 mg/ml。
印楝可改善链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠的高脂血症和高胰岛素血症，因此，印楝有可能被视为一种安全的抗糖尿病药物。
